考研完形 PC004・方法·固定搭配·介词·短语动词
118 空（17.4%）· 靠记不靠翻 · 高频搭配速记 + 真题空例
01这类空的本质：介词/搭配是”死”的
当四选项是单个介词，或短语动词/固定介词短语时，答案几乎不取决于翻译，而取决于它和前后哪个词构成固定搭配。这类空 118 个（17.4%），是”背了就拿分”的部分。
- 四选项全是介词：at / up / with / off、in / on / at / by。
- 四选项是短语动词：end up / crop up / cope with / attribute…to。
- 空前/空后已有”另一半”：如 subjected __、exposed __、kept __ of。
02高频固定搭配速记（均出自 2010–2026 真题）
| 搭配 | 搭配 | 搭配 |
|---|---|---|
| subject to / subjected to | exposed to | attribute A to B |
| end up doing | cope with | consist of |
| resort to / apply to | be subject to | be bound by |
| keep track of | take…into consideration | by itself |
| in the absence of | on the basis of | be accountable to |
| hit a plateau | come down with | in contrast to |
| live with | break out | cut down on |
| stock up on | act as | be prone to |
记法：不要背中文，要把”动词+介词”当一个整体记；做题时先圈出空前/空后的”搭档词”，再想它习惯配哪个介词。
03真题空例
英一 2010 · 第11空：After several decades, the same data were __11__ to econometric analysis.
选项：A. compared B. shown C. subjected D. conveyed。线索：__ to analysis，”数据被用于/接受计量分析” → be subjected to（使经受/接受）固定搭配 → C。
英一 2017 · 第7空：…developing the common cold after being __7__ to the virus.
选项：A. devoted B. exposed C. lost D. attracted。线索：be __ to the virus = “暴露于病毒” → be exposed to → B。
英二 2010 · 第9空：…cases began to __9__ in New York City…
选项：A. stay up B. crop up C. fill up D. cover up。线索：病例在纽约”突然出现” → crop up（突然发生/出现）→ B。
英二 2022 · 第12空：You might have to __12__ the amount of exercise or sport you do.
选项：A. put up with B. make up for C. hang on to D. cut down on。线索：为挤出写作时间，得”减少”锻炼量 → cut down on（削减）→ D。
04分步流程与易错点
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