考研新题型 PN005・方法·英二多项对应(左右栏)
专有名词定位 · 同义改写 · 逐项排除 · 真题短例
01题型识别:左右栏怎么对应
英二多项对应(2011/2012/2017/2019/2023/2024/2026 共 7 次)给一篇文章,左栏 5 个人名/事物,右栏 A–G 七个陈述,为左栏每个对象从右栏选一句对应,2 项多余。近年英一 2022/2024 也用过这种”评论者↔概述”变体。
| 步骤 | 动作 |
|---|---|
| 1. 先扫右栏 | 读 A–G 每个陈述的核心动词/名词,知道有哪些”话”可选 |
| 2. 按名定位 | 拿左栏人名回原文,只读他出现的那 1–2 句引语/观点 |
| 3. 同义匹配 | 把他的观点和右栏陈述比对,同义改写即答案 |
02武器一:按人名/专有名词秒定位
人名、机构名、数字是不会被同义替换的坐标。左栏给了 Andrew Lansley,回原文 Ctrl-F 一找,他说的话就在附近。
真题短例 · 2011 英二 41 题
左栏:Andrew Lansley held that。回原文定位 Lansley:他说 “manufacturers of crisps and candies could play a central role in the Change4Life campaign.”
匹配右栏 E. the producers of crisps and candies could contribute significantly to the Change4Life campaign.——manufacturers↔producers、play a central role↔contribute significantly,几乎原句改写。答案 E。
真题短例 · 2011 英二 44 题
左栏:Dinesh Bhugra suggested that。原文:他敦促市议会在学校和医院周边设 “fast-food-free zones”…areas within which takeaways cannot open。
匹配右栏 B. the government should ban fast-food outlets in the neighborhood of schools.——fast-food-free zones around schools↔ban outlets in the neighborhood of schools。答案 B。
03武器二:右栏陈述是”观点的浓缩改写”
右栏从不照搬原文句子,而是把某人的整段观点浓缩成一句。你要找的是”意思对应”,不是”词面对应”。
真题短例 · 2019 英二 45 题
左栏:Julie Gurner。原文:她说 “That decision should likely not be made contingent on a child’s opinions, but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best.”
匹配右栏 F. homebuying decisions should be based on children’s needs rather than their opinions.——原文 not based on opinions, but on what meets their needs 被浓缩成 needs rather than opinions。答案 F。
真题短例 · 2026 英二 43 题
左栏:John Stanturf。原文:“Insects that today are a minor problem may become a major problem if they can produce three or four generations in a year.”
匹配右栏 G. Some creatures in the forest that multiply fast can become a great threat to forest restoration.——insects…produce 3-4 generations a year↔creatures that multiply fast;minor→major problem↔great threat。答案 G。
04武器三:逐项排除,认清”张冠李戴”
右栏 7 项里有 2 项是多余的,它们通常是把别人说的话安进来。每定位一个人,就把右栏能用的划掉;剩下找不到人的陈述,就是多余项。
张冠李戴的识别:右栏某陈述的内容,在原文里确实出现过,但说话人不是左栏这个人——这就是干扰项。务必核对”这话到底谁说的”,不能只看内容沾边就选。
05五步流程与易错点
- 只看内容不看说话人:陈述内容对,但不是左栏那人说的——张冠李戴。
- 被原词骗:右栏几乎不用原词,crisps/candies manufacturers 会写成 producers。
- 通读全文浪费时间:人名题不需要读懂全文,定位到人即可。
— Noscit · 考研英语新题型 PN 系列 —

