考研英语翻译 · 英译汉通关课
考研翻译 PT006・名词性/状语从句
长句综合拆分 · 状语逻辑 · 真题精讲
PT006 · 01
01名词性从句：that / what / whether 还原成中文短句
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，本质都是”一个句子当名词用”。翻译时把它还原成一个独立的中文短句，而不是用”……的”把它压成定语。
| 类型 | 标志 | 中文处理 |
|---|---|---|
| 宾语从句 | admitting that… / strikes one that… | “承认……””人们意识到……” |
| 同位语从句 | the evidence that… / the point that… | “证据是……/这一点：……”用冒号引出 |
| what 从句 | what information we already knew | “我们已知的信息”（what=the thing that） |
PT006 · 02
02长句综合拆分：39 词一句怎么下手
例yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.
yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.
拆三块：① when 时间状语；② it 形式主语，真正主语是 that 从句；③ 两个介词短语作插入/补充。
参考译文然而，当人们看到无家可归者所创作的那些花园的照片时，会突然意识到：尽管这些花园风格各异，它们却还传达出其他种种基本的冲动，而不只是装饰与创造性表达。
采分点① it strikes one that… 形式主语还原（”人们意识到”）；② for all their diversity 让步（”尽管风格各异”，for all=despite）；③ speak of urges beyond… “传达的冲动不止于……”。
PT006 · 03
03状语从句：if / because / until / although 的逻辑必须译对
状语从句的逻辑关系词是采分重灾区：条件译成原因、让步译成因果，整句逻辑就错了。
| 关系词 | 逻辑 | 典型误译 |
|---|---|---|
| if / unless | 条件（”如果/除非”） | 误当”当……时候” |
| for all / although | 让步（”尽管”） | 误当”因为” |
| regardless of | 无条件（”无论/不管”） | 漏译让步语气 |
| until | 时间（”直到……才”） | 误当”到……为止就停” |
例but we have at least drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.
参考译文但我们至少已逐渐接近于承认：无论这些鸟类对我们是否具有经济利益，它们都应当凭借一种固有的权利而继续存在。
采分点regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage——”无论有无经济利益”，正反两面都要译出，漏一面即丢分。
— Noscit · 考研英语翻译 PT 系列 —
