天津高考真题 · 阅读表达 Reading Expression
共 5 题 · 每题 2 分 · 满分 10 分 · 先在纸上作答，再展开参考答案自评
Born in 1949, Diana Nyad took an early interest in swimming as a sport and was a Florida State High School swimming champion. Like many young athletes, she had Olympic dreams, but a serious illness kept her from competing in the Games. The disappointment didn’t stop her from going forward. Instead, she became interested in marathon swimming. A brilliant athlete, she was well-conditioned for spending long periods of time in the water. As a long-distance swimmer, she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by distance, danger, cold, and exhaustion.
For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world’s best long-distance swimmers. In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathon in Lake Ontario, setting the women’s record for the course. In 1972 she set another record by swimming 102.5 miles from an island in the Bahamas to the coast of Florida. Then she broke a third record when swimming around Manhattan Island in 1975.
Nyad attempted to swim the distance between Florida and Cuba in 1978. Though the span of water is less than 100 miles wide, it is rough and dangerous. After battling the water for two days, she had to give up for the sake of her own health and safety. Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed. For Nyad her strength of purpose was just as important as reaching Cuba. That is how she defined success. It did not matter that her swim came up short; she believed she had touched the other shore.
When Nyad ended her career as a swimmer, she continued to try new things — travelling the world as a reporter, writing books and giving public speeches about her life. Diana Nyad works to inspire others, just as she was inspired.
参考答案（官方）
A serious illness (did).
采分点（据官方参考答案拆解，非官方原文）
原因＝一场重病使她未能参加奥运会。答出 a serious illness 即得分，不超过 5 词。
参考答案（官方）
Difficulties. / Problems. / Trouble(s). / Challenges.
采分点（据官方参考答案拆解，非官方原文）
词义解释：obstacles 在此意为“困难、障碍、挑战”。答 Difficulties / Problems / Troubles / Challenges 任一即得分，限 1 词。
参考答案（官方）
She swam a ten-mile marathon and set the women’s record. / She swam a ten-mile marathon, setting the women’s record. / She set the women’s record for a ten-mile marathon swimming.
采分点（据官方参考答案拆解，非官方原文）
成就＝1970 年她游完十英里马拉松并创下该项目女子纪录。答出 ten-mile marathon + women’s record 即得分，不超过 10 词。
参考答案（官方）
Because she had tried her best (to fulfill the task). / Her strength of purpose was as important as reaching Cuba.
采分点（据官方参考答案拆解，非官方原文）
原因＝她已尽了全力；在她看来，坚定的意志与真正游到古巴同样重要。答出 tried her best / strength of purpose 即得分，不超过 10 词。
参考方向 A（官方示例）
I am encouraged by her determination and strong will.
参考方向 B（官方示例）
I am inspired by her courage and strong desire to succeed.
参考方向 C（官方示例）
From her I learned that once we set a goal, we should try hard to achieve it.
参考方向 D（官方示例）
We should never give up in the face of difficulty / failure. / We should never stop trying new things and we may achieve success in different fields.
采分点（启发方向，非官方原文）
开放题：结合 Nyad 的经历谈对自己的启发——她的决心/坚强意志/勇气/追求成功的渴望鼓舞了我；或学到一旦设定目标就要努力实现、面对困难失败永不放弃。方向合理、不超过 20 词即自评“答对了”。
参考答案来源：通通好课（tthaoke）2012 天津卷英语官方试卷及答案 PDF（阅读表达 Possible Answers 56-60）；采分点为据官方参考答案原文拆解，非官方逐字评分细则。
