考研英语完形 · 真题精练

考研完形 PC010・【英一】真题精练 2022–2026

逐篇逐空 · 原文逐字 + 20题×4选项 + 逐空原创解析

【英一】 · 2023

【英一】英语(一) · 2023完形 · 丝绸之路上的驿站（Caravanserais）

Caravanserais were roadside inns that were built along the Silk Road in areas including China, North Africa and the Middle East. They were typically 1 outside the walls of a city or village and were usually funded by governments or 2 .

The word “Caravanserai” is a 3 of the Persian words “kārvān”, which means a group of travellers or a caravan, and “sarāy”, a palace or enclosed building. The term caravan was used to 4 groups of people who travelled together across the ancient network for safety reasons, 5 merchants, travellers or pilgrims.

From the 10th century onwards, as merchant and travel routes became more developed, the 6 of caravanserais increased and they served as a safe place for people to rest at night. Travellers on the Silk Road 7 possibility of being attacked by thieves or being 8 to extreme weather conditions. For this reason, caravanserais were strategically placed 9 they could be reached in a day’s travel time.

Caravanserais served as an informal 10 point for the various people who travelled the Silk Road. 11 , these structures became important centers for cultural 12 and interaction, with travellers sharing their cultures, ideas and beliefs, 13 taking knowledge with them, greatly 14 the development of several civilisations.

Caravanserais were also an important marketplace for commodities and 15 in the trade of goods along the Silk Road. 16 , it was frequently the first stop for merchants looking to sell their wares and 17 supplies for their own journeys.

It is 18 that around 12,000 to 15,000 caravanserais were built along the Silk Road, 19 only about 3,000 are known to remain today, many of which are in 20 .

20 题 · 四选项（逐字）

空	A	B	C	D
1	displayed	occupied	located	equipped
2	privately	regularly	respectively	permanently
3	definition	transition	substitution	combination
4	classify	record	describe	connect
5	apart from	instead of	such as	along with
6	construction	restoration	impression	evaluation
7	doubted	faced	accepted	reduced
8	assigned	subjected	accustomed	opposed
9	so that	even if	now that	in case
10	talking	starting	breaking	meeting
11	By the way	On occasion	In comparison	As a result
12	heritage	revival	exchange	status
13	with regard to	in spite of	as well as	in line with
14	completing	influencing	resuming	pioneering
15	aided	invested	failed	competed
16	Rather	Indeed	Otherwise	However
17	go in for	stand up for	close in on	stock up on
18	believed	predicted	recalled	implied
19	until	because	unless	although
20	ruins	debt	fashion	series

答案（1–20）：1.C　2.A　3.D　4.C　5.C　6.A　7.B　8.B　9.A　10.D　11.D　12.C　13.C　14.B　15.A　16.B　17.D　18.A　19.D　20.A

逐空原创解析

词义/动词 C. located — caravanserais were located along trade routes『商队驿站位于贸易路线旁』。displayed『展示』、occupied『占据』、equipped『装备』。

词义/副词 A. privately — they were privately run by local families『它们由当地家庭私人经营』。regularly『定期』、respectively『分别』、permanently『永久』。

词义/名词 D. combination — a combination of inn and warehouse『旅店与仓库的结合体』，combination。definition『定义』、transition『过渡』、substitution『替代』。

词义/动词 C. describe — travelers described the facilities『旅人描述这些设施』。classify『分类』、record『记录』、connect『连接』。

逻辑/举例 C. such as — such as food, shelter and water『例如食物、住处和水』。apart from『除…外』、instead of『而非』、along with『连同』。

词义/名词 A. construction — the construction of new caravanserais『新驿站的建造』，与后文 built 复现。restoration『修复』、impression『印象』、evaluation『评估』。

词义/动词 B. faced — merchants faced many dangers『商人面临许多危险』，face dangers。doubted『怀疑』、accepted『接受』、reduced『减少』。

固定搭配 B. subjected — were subjected to harsh conditions『经受恶劣条件』，be subjected to。assigned『分配』、accustomed『习惯于』、opposed『反对』。

逻辑/目的 A. so that — so that travelers could rest『为了让旅人能休息』，表目的。even if『即使』、now that『既然』、in case『以防』。

固定搭配 D. meeting — meeting the needs of caravans『满足商队需要』，meet the needs。talking『谈论』、starting『开始』、breaking『打破』。

逻辑/因果 D. As a result — As a result, the network prospered『结果，这一网络繁荣起来』。By the way『顺便』、On occasion『偶尔』、In comparison『相比』。

复现/名词 C. exchange — these buildings are now cultural heritage『这些建筑如今是文化遗产』。revival『复兴』、exchange『交流』、status『地位』。

固定短语 C. as well as — in line with the tradition『与这一传统一致』。with regard to『关于』、in spite of『尽管』、as well as『以及』。

词义/动词 B. influencing — the inns influenced trade『驿站影响了贸易』。completing『完成』、resuming『恢复』、pioneering『开创』。

词义/动词 A. aided — local families aided the travelers『当地家庭帮助旅人』。invested『投资』、failed『失败』、competed『竞争』。

逻辑/递进 B. Indeed — Indeed, without them the Silk Road would not have thrived『确实，没有它们丝绸之路不会繁荣』。Rather『相当』、Otherwise『否则』、However『然而』。

固定短语 D. stock up on — they stocked up on supplies『他们储备物资』，stock up on。go in for『爱好』、stand up for『维护』、close in on『逼近』。

词义/动词 A. believed — it is believed that…『人们认为……』，it is believed 固定结构。predicted『预测』、recalled『回忆』、implied『暗示』。

逻辑/因果 D. although — because they offered safety『因为它们提供安全』，解释原因。until『直到』、unless『除非』、although『尽管』。

复现/名词 A. ruins — today only ruins remain『如今只剩废墟』，与 ancient 对照。debt『债务』、fashion『时尚』、series『系列』。

PC010 · 说明

英一 2025 答案来源提示：2025 真题 PDF 为纯扫描、无文字层，黄皮书亦为扫描件，本课答案仅取自白卷末页单源，待第二文字源复核（已登记于 _data/待补清单.md）。其余解析依据选项语义原创撰写。

下一课 PC011：进入英语(二) 精练 2010–2017 选 2 篇（2013 无现金社会 / 2016 幸福感与企业研发）。

【英一】 · 2025

【英一】英语(一) · 2025完形 · 被海水淹没的古城（Pavlopetri）

Located in the southern Peloponnesian peninsula, Pavlopetri (the modern name of the site) emerged as a Neolithic settlement around 3500 B.C. This area of the Aegean Sea is 1 to earthquakes and tsunamis, which caused the city to 2 sink. The slow sea level rise in Mediterranean 3 this city around 3,000 years ago.

For millennia, the city’s 4 lay unseen below some 13 feet of water. They were covered by a thick layer of sand 5 the island of Laconia. In recent decades, shifting 6 and climate change have eroded a natural barrier that 7 Pavlopetri. In 1967, a scientific survey of the Peloponnesian coast was 8 data to analyze changes in sea levels 9 British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first spotted the sunken 10 . A year later, he returned with a few students to 11 the location and map the site. The team identified some 15 buildings, courtyards, a network of streets, and two chamber tombs. 12 the exciting initial finds, the site would lie 13 for decades before archaeologists would return.

In 2009 archaeologists Chrysanthi Gallon and Jon Henderson 14 the excavation of Pavlopetri in cooperation with the Greek Ministry of Culture. Since the 1960s, underwater archaeology 15 and tools had made huge advances. The team 16 robotics, sonar mapping, and state-of-the-art graphics to survey the site. From 2009 to 2013 they were able to bring the underwater town to 17 . Covering about two and a half acres, Pavlopetri’s three main roads 18 some 50 rectangular buildings, all of which had open courtyards. Excavations revealed a large number of Minoan-style loom weights, 19 Pavlopetri was a thriving trade center with a 20 textile industry.

20 题 · 四选项（逐字）

空	A	B	C	D
1	relevant	prone	available	alien
2	accidentally	frequently	gradually	temporarily
3	disguised	submerged	relocated	isolated
4	legends	programs	remains	surroundings
5	across	off	under	via
6	currents	rivers	seasons	winds
7	elevated	separated	comprised	protected
8	gathering	restoring	updating	supplying
9	when	until	after	once
10	belongings	resources	products	structures
11	preserve	select	display	examine
12	Despite	Unlike	Besides	Among
13	unchallenged	unknown	unorganized	undisturbed
14	suspended	transferred	resumed	canceled
15	policies	theories	documents	techniques
16	ordered	provided	employed	adjusted
17	effect	light	reality	mind
18	crossed	connected	blocked	altered
19	expecting	suggesting	predicting	recalling
20	robust	diverse	marginal	dependent

答案（1–20）：1.B　2.C　3.B　4.C　5.B　6.A　7.D　8.A　9.A　10.D　11.D　12.A　13.D　14.C　15.D　16.C　17.B　18.B　19.B　20.A

逐空原创解析

固定搭配 B. prone — places prone to flooding『易发洪水之地』，prone to。relevant『相关』、available『可用』、alien『陌生』。

词义/副词 C. gradually — the sea gradually submerged the town『海水逐渐淹没了城镇』。accidentally『意外』、frequently『频繁』、temporarily『暂时』。

复现/动词 B. submerged — a submerged city『一座被淹没的城市』，与 underwater 复现。disguised『伪装』、relocated『迁移』、isolated『孤立』。

词义/名词 C. remains — the remains of buildings『建筑的遗迹』。legends『传说』、programs『项目』、surroundings『环境』。

固定搭配 B. off — just off the coast『就在海岸不远处』，off 表『离海不远』。across『横过』、under『在…下』、via『经由』。

词义/名词 A. currents — strong currents eroded the ruins『强洋流侵蚀遗址』。rivers『河流』、seasons『季节』、winds『风』。

固定搭配 D. protected — protected from damage『受到保护免遭破坏』，protected from。elevated『抬高』、separated『分离』、comprised『构成』。

词义/动词 A. gathering — gathering archaeological evidence『收集考古证据』。restoring『修复』、updating『更新』、supplying『供应』。

逻辑/时间 A. when — when the tide goes out『当退潮时』，时间状语。until『直到』、after『在…后』、once『一旦』。

复现/名词 D. structures — stone structures『石结构建筑』，与 buildings 复现。belongings『财物』、resources『资源』、products『产品』。

词义/动词 D. examine — to preserve the site『为保护遗址』。select『选择』、display『展示』、examine『检查』。

逻辑/让步 A. Despite — Despite the damage, the layout survives『尽管有损坏，布局仍存』。Unlike『不像』、Besides『此外』、Among『在…之中』。

词义/形容词 D. undisturbed — long unknown to the modern world『久不为现代世界所知』。unchallenged『无异议』、unorganized『无组织』、undisturbed『未被扰动』。

词义/动词 C. resumed — excavations were suspended『发掘一度暂停』。transferred『转移』、resumed『恢复』方向反、canceled『取消』。

复现/名词 D. techniques — new techniques allowed precise mapping『新技术实现精确测绘』。policies『政策』、theories『理论』、documents『文献』。

词义/动词 C. employed — the tools employed by divers『潜水员使用的工具』，employ=使用。ordered『命令』、provided『提供』、adjusted『调整』。

固定搭配 B. light — bring the ruins back to reality『让遗址重见天日』/ in reality 此处 reality 表『现实』。effect『效果』、light『光』、mind『头脑』。

词义/动词 B. connected — the sea has crossed the boundary『海水漫过界线』，crossed。connected『连接』、blocked『阻挡』、altered『改变』。

词义/动词 B. suggesting — recalling how people once lived『回想人们曾经如何生活』。expecting『期待』、suggesting『暗示』、predicting『预测』。

词义/形容词 A. robust — a robust archaeological record『扎实的考古记录』。diverse『多样』、marginal『边缘』、dependent『依赖』。

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