LATIN ROOT · L147 · 拉丁字根
tract拉;拖
PIE root *tragh-「to draw, pull」
同源词跨语言对照 COGNATES ACROSS LANGUAGES
印欧根「拉、拖」在生出拉丁 trahere;英语 attract/contract/extract/treat/train 同根。
*tragh- → Latin trahere「to draw, pull」;完成分词 tract-
trah- / tract-
attract · contract · extract · distract · treat · train · trace(详见本页)
trahere 的希腊对应不确;本根无独立希腊借词
—G 篇待补
英语无独立希腊借词
*tragh- → 古 dragan「拉」N 篇待补
drag-
英语 drag/draw/draft 本族继承
词根的三词干 THREE STEMS OF THE LATIN VERB
trahere 是第三变位动词;完成时 trāxī(-x-),分词 tractum。
PRESENT 现在词干
trah-
trahere / trahō|第三变位
attract · contract · extract · distract
PERFECT 完成词干
trāx-
trāxī|-x-=-cs-,英语不直接借
拉丁完成时:trāxī「我拉了」
PARTICIPLE 分词词干
tract-
tractum / tractus|分词后缀 -t-
tract · tractor · treaty · extract · abstract
音变小注 SOUND CHANGES
从拉丁 trahere 到现代英语各词,四次关键调整。
①分词后缀 -t-
trahere 的完成分词 tractus;attract/contract 用此词干。
②ad- + trah = attract
拉丁 attrahere「ad- 向 + trahere 拉」=「拉向自己」→ attract「吸引」。
③con- + trah = contract
拉丁 contrahere「con- 一起 + trahere 拉」=「拉到一起、收缩」→ contract「合同;收缩」。
④ex- + trah = extract
拉丁 extrahere「ex- 出 + trahere 拉」=「拉出」→ extract「提取」。
形态纵深 MORPHOLOGY
trahō 是第三变位动词;四主形给出三词干,英语动词挂现在词干 trah-(经古法作 treat/train)。
现在 1sg
trahō
我拉
现在不定式
trahere
to draw
完成 1sg
trāxī
我拉了
目的分词
tractum
被拉(分词词干)
现在时变位 · 第三变位(连接元音 -e-/-i-/-u-)
| 人称/格 | 形式 | 形式 | 词结构 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 sg | trahō | trahor | trah-ō |
| 2 sg | trahis | traheris | trah-is |
| 3 sg | trahit | trahitur | trah-it |
| 1 pl | trahimus | trahimur | trah-imus |
| 2 pl | trahitis | trahiminī | trah-itis |
| 3 pl | trahunt | trahuntur | trah-unt |
三个关键事实:① 完成 trāxī 的 -x-=-cs-;② treat/train 是经古法的 trahere 支」;③ draw/drag 是本族同源。
treat / treatise 是「拉出来讨论」
拉丁 trahere → 古法 traitier「拉、拖、对待」→ treat「对待」;treaty「条约」是「拉到一起谈成的事」。trace/track 同出「拖出的痕迹」。
语义地图 SEMANTIC MAP
trahere 核心是「拉」,向「吸引、收缩、提取」三条线引申。
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抽象的;理论的 n. 摘要 v. 提取;使抽象
L abstractus「被拉走的」=abs-/ab-(away)+trahere
形 抽象的;理论的 n. 摘要 v. 提取;使抽象
▪ Truth is an abstract idea.
真理是抽象概念。
▪ She read an abstract of the paper.
她读了论文的摘要。
▪ They abstracted metal from the ore.
他们从矿石中提取金属。
▪ The painter likes abstract art.
这位画家喜欢抽象艺术。
吸引;引起(注意)
L attractus「被拉向」=ad-(向)+trahere
动 吸引;引起(注意)
▪ The show attracts many tourists.
这场演出吸引了许多游客。
▪ Magnets attract iron.
磁铁吸铁。
▪ Her smile attracted him.
她的微笑吸引了他。
▪ The noise attracted attention.
噪音引起了注意。
吸引(力);吸引人的事物
attract+-ion
名 吸引(力);吸引人的事物
▪ The city is a tourist attraction.
这座城市是个旅游胜地。
▪ There is a strong attraction between them.
他们之间互相吸引。
▪ The attraction of the plan is its cost.
这个方案的诱人之处在于成本。
▪ The gravitational attraction keeps the moon near.
引力使月球留在附近。
有吸引力的;迷人的
attract+-ive
形 有吸引力的;迷人的
▪ She wore an attractive dress.
她穿了一条迷人的裙子。
▪ The offer is very attractive.
这个提议很有吸引力。
▪ The town looks attractive in spring.
这座城镇春天很美。
▪ He found the job attractive.
他觉得这份工作很有吸引力。
合同;契约 v. 订约;收缩;感染(疾病)
L contractus「被拉到一起的」=con-+trahere
名 合同;契约 v. 订约;收缩;感染(疾病)
▪ They signed a two-year contract.
他们签了两年合同。
▪ The muscle contracts.
肌肉收缩。
▪ He contracted a fever.
他发烧了。
▪ The firm contracted to build the bridge.
公司签了建桥合同。
使分心;转移(注意);使困惑
L distractus「被拉开的」=dis-(apart)+trahere
动 使分心;转移(注意);使困惑
▪ Noise distracts me when I read.
我读书时噪音让我分心。
▪ She distracted the guard.
她转移了守卫的注意力。
▪ Do not distract the driver.
别让司机分心。
▪ The question distracted him from his work.
这个问题使他放下了手头的工作。
草稿;汇票;征兵;一饮;气流 v. 起草;征召
OE dræft<dragan「拉/拖」(draw 的名词形,Gmc)
名 草稿;汇票;征兵;一饮;气流 v. 起草;征召
▪ She wrote a first draft.
她写了初稿。
▪ He drafted a letter.
他起草了一封信。
▪ They drafted him into the army.
他们征他入伍。
▪ A cold draft came through the window.
一股冷风从窗户灌进来。
拖、拉;硬拖;拖沓 n. 拖累;阻力;拖拽
OE dragan/ON draga「拖」(Gmc,同 draw 的变体),与 trahere 远亲
动 拖、拉;硬拖;拖沓 n. 拖累;阻力;拖拽
▪ He began to drag the box across the floor.
他把箱子在地板上拖。
▪ Long meetings tend to drag on.
会议拖拖拉拉。
▪ The dress has a long drag.
裙子拖着地。
▪ The project was a drag on resources.
这个项目拖累了资源。
画;拉、拖;吸引;拔 n. 平局;抽签
OE dragan「拉、拖」(Gmc *dragan-),与 L trahere 同出 PIE *tragh-/*dhragh-(来源有 -dh- 与否两说)
动 画;拉、拖;吸引;拔 n. 平局;抽签
▪ She likes to draw a picture each morning.
她画了一幅画。
▪ The play will draw a large crowd.
这出戏吸引了很多人。
▪ The two sides often draw the game two all.
这场比赛他们二比二战平。
▪ draw the curtain.
拉上窗帘。
拔出;提取;摘录 n. 提取物;摘录
L extractus「被拉出的」=ex-(out)+trahere
动 拔出;提取;摘录 n. 提取物;摘录
▪ They extracted oil from the seeds.
他们从种子里榨油。
▪ She read an extract from the novel.
她读了小说的一段摘录。
▪ The dentist extracted the tooth.
牙医拔了牙。
▪ Add vanilla extract.
加一点香草精。
撤退;退避;静修(所)
OFr retret/retraite<L retractus/retrahere「拉回」=re-+trahere
动 撤退 名 退避 名 静修(所)
▪ The army retreated at night.
军队在夜间撤退。
▪ She retreated to her room.
她退回自己的房间。
▪ They spent a weekend at a retreat.
他们在静修所过了周末。
▪ The enemy retreated in disorder.
敌人狼狈撤退。
追踪;追溯;描摹 n. 痕迹;微量
OFr trace/tracer<VL *tractiāre「拉、引」<L tractus(trahere 分词)
动 追踪;追溯;描摹 n. 痕迹;微量
▪ They traced the river to its source.
他们溯河而上找到源头。
▪ We found traces of an ancient camp.
我们发现了古营地的痕迹。
▪ She traced the letters carefully.
她认真地描摹字母。
▪ There was no trace of the thief.
小偷无影无踪。
足迹;轨道;跑道;曲目 v. 追踪
OFr trac「足迹、拖痕」(或与 trace 同源)<trahere
名 足迹;轨道;跑道;曲目 v. 追踪
▪ The train left the track.
火车脱轨了。
▪ They tracked the animal.
他们追踪那只动物。
▪ The album has ten tracks.
这张专辑有十首曲子。
▪ We ran around the track.
我们绕着跑道跑。
大片土地/地带;(解剖)道、束;(宗教/政治)小册子
L tractus「拉、拖;延展的一片」(trahere 完成分词的名词化);小册子义<L tractātus(tractāre 反复动词)
名 大片土地/地带;(解剖)道、束;(宗教/政治)小册子
▪ A wide tract of land lay before us.
一大片土地展现在我们面前。
▪ The digestive tract processes food.
消化道处理食物。
▪ He wrote a religious tract.
他写了一本宗教小册子。
▪ A forest tract stretched north.
一片森林向北延伸。
拖曳;尾随;(植物)蔓延 n. 小径;痕迹
OFr trailler「拖」<VL *tragulāre<L tragula「拖网」<trahere
动 拖曳;尾随;(植物)蔓延 n. 小径;痕迹
▪ They hiked a mountain trail.
他们走了一条山间小径。
▪ The police trailed the suspect.
警察跟踪嫌疑人。
▪ The car left a trail of dust.
汽车扬起一路尘土。
▪ Her dress trailed on the floor.
她的裙子拖在地上。
火车;行列;长裙裾 v. 训练;培养
OFr train/trahiner「拖」<VL *tragināre<L trahere
名 火车;行列;长裙裾 v. 训练;培养
▪ We took the train to London.
我们坐火车去伦敦。
▪ They trained the athletes for the Olympics.
他们为奥运会训练运动员。
▪ The long train of the bride followed her.
新娘拖着长长的婚纱。
▪ She trained as a nurse.
她受训当了护士。
特征;特性
OFr trait「拉线、一笔」<L tractum(trahere 中性分词)
名 特征;特性
▪ Kindness is her best trait.
善良是她最好的品质。
▪ Honesty is a common trait in the family.
诚实是这家人的共同特点。
▪ Genes determine many traits.
基因决定许多特征。
▪ The trait runs in the blood.
这个特征是遗传的。
对待;治疗;款待;论述 n. 乐事;款待
OFr traitier/tretier<L tractāre「反复拉、摆弄、处理」<trahere
动 对待;治疗;款待;论述 n. 乐事;款待
▪ She treated us to dinner.
她请我们吃晚饭。
▪ The doctor treated the burn.
医生治疗烧伤。
▪ They treat their workers well.
他们对工人很好。
▪ Ice cream is a real treat.
冰淇淋是一大乐事。
对待;治疗(法);处理
treat+-ment
名 对待;治疗(法);处理
▪ The treatment cured the disease.
疗法治好了病。
▪ She complained of unfair treatment.
她抱怨受到不公平对待。
▪ The wood needs treatment against rot.
木头需要防腐处理。
▪ His treatment of the dog was kind.
他对狗很好。
条约;协定
OFr traité「条约」<L tractātus「处理、协商」(tractāre)
名 条约;协定
▪ The nations signed a peace treaty.
各国签署了和平条约。
▪ The treaty ended the war.
条约结束了战争。
▪ They ratified the treaty.
他们批准了条约。
▪ The treaty set new borders.
条约划定了新边界。
扳机;触发物 v. 触发;引发
Du trekker「扳机」,字面「拉者」<trekken「拉」(与 draw/trak 同族)
名 扳机;触发物 v. 触发;引发
▪ He pulled the trigger.
他扣动了扳机。
▪ The price rise triggered a strike.
涨价引发了罢工。
▪ Stress can trigger a headache.
紧张会引发头痛。
▪ The trigger was pulled by accident.
扳机是不小心扣动的。
撤回;撤退;提取(钱)
with-(away/back,Gmc)+draw(拉)
动 撤回;撤退;提取(钱)
▪ She will withdraw money from the bank.
她从银行取了钱。
▪ The troops plan to withdraw at dawn.
部队在黎明撤退。
▪ He chose to withdraw from the race.
他退出了比赛。
▪ She began to withdraw her hand from the hot plate.
她把手缩了回去。
可收缩的;有收缩力的
L contractilis「可拉紧的」
形 可收缩的;有收缩力的
▪ Muscles are contractile tissue.
肌肉是可收缩组织。
▪ The heart has contractile power.
心脏有收缩力。
▪ contractile cells pump blood.
收缩细胞泵送血液。
▪ The worm uses contractile muscles.
蠕虫用收缩肌肉运动。
承包商;立约人
LL contractor「订约者」
名 承包商;立约人
▪ The contractor built the house.
承包商盖了房子。
▪ They hired a building contractor.
他们雇了建筑承包商。
▪ The contractor finished on time.
承包商按时完工。
▪ The contractor was sued for delay.
承包商因延误被起诉。
合同的;契约的
contract+-ual
形 合同的;契约的
▪ They have contractual obligations.
他们有合同义务。
▪ The delay is a contractual breach.
延误违反了合同。
▪ contractual terms must be met.
合同条款必须遵守。
▪ He broke the contractual agreement.
他违反了合同协议。
心不在焉的;抽出的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 心不在焉的;抽出的
▪ The new rule will be abstracted for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是心不在焉的。
▪ They considered the plan abstracted after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是心不在焉的。
▪ The manager gave a abstracted answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个心不在焉的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be abstracted before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是心不在焉的的。
抽象(概念);提取;出神
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 抽象(概念);提取;出神
▪ The whole abstraction took several hours to complete.
整个抽象过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper abstraction is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的抽象至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of abstraction with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了抽象的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the abstraction.
经理就抽象写了一份清晰的报告。
抽象的;有概括力的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 抽象的;有概括力的
▪ The new rule will be abstractive for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是抽象的。
▪ They considered the plan abstractive after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是抽象的。
▪ The manager gave a abstractive answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个抽象的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be abstractive before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是抽象的的。
引人/物;(混沌理论)吸引子
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 引人/物;(混沌理论)吸引子
▪ The attractor arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位引人比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained attractor knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的引人知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced attractor for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的引人。
▪ The attractor answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,引人回答了记者的提问。
收缩;缩写式;(肌肉)挛缩
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 收缩;缩写式;(肌肉)挛缩
▪ The whole contraction took several hours to complete.
整个收缩过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper contraction is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的收缩至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of contraction with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了收缩的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the contraction.
经理就收缩写了一份清晰的报告。
医学)挛缩
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 医学)挛缩
▪ The contracture arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位挛缩比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained contracture knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的挛缩知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced contracture for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的挛缩。
▪ The contracture answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,挛缩回答了记者的提问。
反吸引物;对抗吸引力
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 反吸引物;对抗吸引力
▪ The whole counterattraction took several hours to complete.
整个反吸引物过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper counterattraction is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的反吸引物至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of counterattraction with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了反吸引物的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the counterattraction.
经理就反吸引物写了一份清晰的报告。
减损;贬低(from)
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 减损;贬低(from)
▪ The detract is widely used in this kind of work.
减损在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the detract in a safe place after use.
用后请把减损放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the detract to the entrance of the building.
团队把减损搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable detract at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的减损。
贬低;诽谤;减损
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 贬低;诽谤;减损
▪ The whole detraction took several hours to complete.
整个贬低过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper detraction is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的贬低至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of detraction with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了贬低的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the detraction.
经理就贬低写了一份清晰的报告。
诋毁者;批评者
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 诋毁者;批评者
▪ The detractor arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位诋毁者比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained detractor knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的诋毁者知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced detractor for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的诋毁者。
▪ The detractor answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,诋毁者回答了记者的提问。
分心的;心烦意乱的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 分心的;心烦意乱的
▪ The new rule will be distracted for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是分心的。
▪ They considered the plan distracted after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是分心的。
▪ The manager gave a distracted answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个分心的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be distracted before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是分心的的。
分心(的事);消遣;心烦意乱
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 分心(的事);消遣;心烦意乱
▪ The whole distraction took several hours to complete.
整个分心过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper distraction is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的分心至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of distraction with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了分心的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the distraction.
经理就分心写了一份清晰的报告。
恳求;乞求
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 恳求;乞求
▪ The entreat is widely used in this kind of work.
恳求在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the entreat in a safe place after use.
用后请把恳求放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the entreat to the entrance of the building.
团队把恳求搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable entreat at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的恳求。
恳求;哀求
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 恳求;哀求
▪ The entreaty is widely used in this kind of work.
恳求在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the entreaty in a safe place after use.
用后请把恳求放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the entreaty to the entrance of the building.
团队把恳求搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable entreaty at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的恳求。
拔出;提取;血统
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 拔出;提取;血统
▪ The whole extraction took several hours to complete.
整个拔出过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper extraction is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的拔出至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of extraction with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了拔出的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the extraction.
经理就拔出写了一份清晰的报告。
提取器;排油烟机;抽取者
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 提取器;排油烟机;抽取者
▪ The extractor is widely used in this kind of work.
提取器在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the extractor in a safe place after use.
用后请把提取器放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the extractor to the entrance of the building.
团队把提取器搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable extractor at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的提取器。
难驾驭的;倔强的;难处理的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 难驾驭的;倔强的;难处理的
▪ The new rule will be intractable for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是难驾驭的。
▪ They considered the plan intractable after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是难驾驭的。
▪ The manager gave a intractable answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个难驾驭的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be intractable before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是难驾驭的的。
虐待;滥用
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 虐待;滥用
▪ The maltreat is widely used in this kind of work.
虐待在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the maltreat in a safe place after use.
用后请把虐待放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the maltreat to the entrance of the building.
团队把虐待搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable maltreat at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的虐待。
虐待
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 虐待
▪ The whole maltreatment took several hours to complete.
整个虐待过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper maltreatment is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的虐待至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of maltreatment with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了虐待的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the maltreatment.
经理就虐待写了一份清晰的报告。
虐待
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 虐待
▪ The mistreat is widely used in this kind of work.
虐待在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the mistreat in a safe place after use.
用后请把虐待放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the mistreat to the entrance of the building.
团队把虐待搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable mistreat at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的虐待。
虐待
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 虐待
▪ The whole mistreatment took several hours to complete.
整个虐待过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper mistreatment is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的虐待至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of mistreatment with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了虐待的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the mistreatment.
经理就虐待写了一份清晰的报告。
延长;拖延;伸出
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 延长;拖延;伸出
▪ The protract is widely used in this kind of work.
延长在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the protract in a safe place after use.
用后请把延长放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the protract to the entrance of the building.
团队把延长搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable protract at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的延长。
延长的;拖延的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 延长的;拖延的
▪ The new rule will be protracted for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是延长的。
▪ They considered the plan protracted after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是延长的。
▪ The manager gave a protracted answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个延长的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be protracted before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是延长的的。
器官)可伸出的;能延长的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 器官)可伸出的;能延长的
▪ The new rule will be protractile for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是可伸出的。
▪ They considered the plan protractile after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是可伸出的。
▪ The manager gave a protractile answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个可伸出的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be protractile before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是可伸出的的。
延长;拖延
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 延长;拖延
▪ The whole protraction took several hours to complete.
整个延长过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper protraction is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的延长至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of protraction with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了延长的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the protraction.
经理就延长写了一份清晰的报告。
量角器;伸肌;拖延者
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 量角器;伸肌;拖延者
▪ The protractor is widely used in this kind of work.
量角器在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the protractor in a safe place after use.
用后请把量角器放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the protractor to the entrance of the building.
团队把量角器搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable protractor at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的量角器。
缩回;收回(成命);撤回
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 缩回;收回(成命);撤回
▪ The retract is widely used in this kind of work.
缩回在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the retract in a safe place after use.
用后请把缩回放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the retract to the entrance of the building.
团队把缩回搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable retract at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的缩回。
可收回的;可伸缩的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 可收回的;可伸缩的
▪ The new rule will be retractable for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是可收回的。
▪ They considered the plan retractable after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是可收回的。
▪ The manager gave a retractable answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个可收回的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be retractable before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是可收回的的。
能缩回的;收缩的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 能缩回的;收缩的
▪ The new rule will be retractile for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是能缩回的。
▪ They considered the plan retractile after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是能缩回的。
▪ The manager gave a retractile answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个能缩回的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be retractile before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是能缩回的的。
收回;撤回;缩回
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 收回;撤回;缩回
▪ The whole retraction took several hours to complete.
整个收回过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper retraction is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的收回至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of retraction with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了收回的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the retraction.
经理就收回写了一份清晰的报告。
外科)牵开器;缩肌;收回者
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 外科)牵开器;缩肌;收回者
▪ The retractor is widely used in this kind of work.
牵开器在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the retractor in a safe place after use.
用后请把牵开器放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the retractor to the entrance of the building.
团队把牵开器搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable retractor at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的牵开器。
分包;转包(合同)
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 分包;转包(合同)
▪ The subcontract is widely used in this kind of work.
分包在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the subcontract in a safe place after use.
用后请把分包放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the subcontract to the entrance of the building.
团队把分包搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable subcontract at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的分包。
减去;扣除
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 减去;扣除
▪ The subtract is widely used in this kind of work.
减去在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the subtract in a safe place after use.
用后请把减去放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the subtract to the entrance of the building.
团队把减去搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable subtract at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的减去。
减去;减法
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 减去;减法
▪ The whole subtraction took several hours to complete.
整个减去过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper subtraction is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的减去至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of subtraction with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了减去的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the subtraction.
经理就减去写了一份清晰的报告。
减去的;负的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 减去的;负的
▪ The new rule will be subtractive for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是减去的。
▪ They considered the plan subtractive after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是减去的。
▪ The manager gave a subtractive answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个减去的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be subtractive before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是减去的的。
数学)减数
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 数学)减数
▪ The subtrahend is widely used in this kind of work.
减数在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the subtrahend in a safe place after use.
用后请把减数放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the subtrahend to the entrance of the building.
团队把减数搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable subtrahend at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的减数。
易管教的;温顺的;易加工/处理的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 易管教的;温顺的;易加工/处理的
▪ The new rule will be tractable for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是易管教的。
▪ They considered the plan tractable after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是易管教的。
▪ The manager gave a tractable answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个易管教的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be tractable before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是易管教的的。
可拉长的;有延展性的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 可拉长的;有延展性的
▪ The new rule will be tractile for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是可拉长的。
▪ They considered the plan tractile after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是可拉长的。
▪ The manager gave a tractile answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个可拉长的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be tractile before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是可拉长的的。
拖、拉;牵引力;(轮胎)附着摩擦力
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 拖、拉;牵引力;(轮胎)附着摩擦力
▪ The whole traction took several hours to complete.
整个拖过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper traction is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的拖至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of traction with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了拖的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the traction.
经理就拖写了一份清晰的报告。
牵引的;拖的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 牵引的;拖的
▪ The new rule will be tractive for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是牵引的。
▪ They considered the plan tractive after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是牵引的。
▪ The manager gave a tractive answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个牵引的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be tractive before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是牵引的的。
拖拉机;牵引器
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 拖拉机;牵引器
▪ The tractor is widely used in this kind of work.
拖拉机在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the tractor in a safe place after use.
用后请把拖拉机放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the tractor to the entrance of the building.
团队把拖拉机搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable tractor at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的拖拉机。
专题)论文;专著
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
动 专题)论文;专著
▪ The manager decided to treatise the problem before the meeting.
经理决定在会前论文这个问题。
▪ She will treatise the task after the new plan is ready.
新计划准备好后她会去论文这项任务。
▪ They need to treatise the materials before the class begins.
上课前他们需要论文这些材料。
▪ Nobody expected him to treatise the plan so quickly.
没人料到他这么快就论文了计划。
原路返回;退缩;变卦
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 原路返回;退缩;变卦
▪ The backtrack is widely used in this kind of work.
原路返回在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the backtrack in a safe place after use.
用后请把原路返回放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the backtrack to the entrance of the building.
团队把原路返回搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable backtrack at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的原路返回。
湿透的;泥污的;凌乱的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 湿透的;泥污的;凌乱的
▪ The new rule will be bedraggled for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是湿透的。
▪ They considered the plan bedraggled after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是湿透的。
▪ The manager gave a bedraggled answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个湿透的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be bedraggled before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是湿透的的。
飞机)凝结尾迹
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 飞机)凝结尾迹
▪ The contrail is widely used in this kind of work.
凝结尾迹在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the contrail in a safe place after use.
用后请把凝结尾迹放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the contrail to the entrance of the building.
团队把凝结尾迹搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable contrail at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的凝结尾迹。
使)下火车
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 使)下火车
▪ The detrain is widely used in this kind of work.
下火车在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the detrain in a safe place after use.
用后请把下火车放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the detrain to the entrance of the building.
团队把下火车搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable detrain at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的下火车。
心不在焉的;神思恍惚的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 心不在焉的;神思恍惚的
▪ The new rule will be distrait for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是心不在焉的。
▪ They considered the plan distrait after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是心不在焉的。
▪ The manager gave a distrait answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个心不在焉的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be distrait before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是心不在焉的的。
下降气流
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 下降气流
▪ The downdraft is widely used in this kind of work.
下降气流在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the downdraft in a safe place after use.
用后请把下降气流放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the downdraft to the entrance of the building.
团队把下降气流搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable downdraft at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的下降气流。
拖湿;拖脏;(湿衣)垂拖;落后
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 拖湿;拖脏;(湿衣)垂拖;落后
▪ The draggle is widely used in this kind of work.
拖湿在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the draggle in a safe place after use.
用后请把拖湿放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the draggle to the entrance of the building.
团队把拖湿搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable draggle at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的拖湿。
拖网;(警方)搜捕网
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 拖网;(警方)搜捕网
▪ The dragnet is widely used in this kind of work.
拖网在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the dragnet in a safe place after use.
用后请把拖网放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the dragnet to the entrance of the building.
团队把拖网搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable dragnet at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的拖网。
英)气流;一饮;(draughts)国际跳棋
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 英)气流;一饮;(draughts)国际跳棋
▪ The draught is widely used in this kind of work.
气流在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the draught in a safe place after use.
用后请把气流放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the draught to the entrance of the building.
团队把气流搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable draught at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的气流。
面容)憔悴的;拔出的;不分胜负的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 面容)憔悴的;拔出的;不分胜负的
▪ The new rule will be drawn for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是憔悴的。
▪ They considered the plan drawn after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是憔悴的。
▪ The manager gave a drawn answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个憔悴的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be drawn before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是憔悴的的。
上火车;(流体/气流)夹带
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 上火车;(流体/气流)夹带
▪ The entrain is widely used in this kind of work.
上火车在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the entrain in a safe place after use.
用后请把上火车放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the entrain to the entrance of the building.
团队把上火车搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable entrain at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的上火车。
齿轮系
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 齿轮系
▪ The geartrain is widely used in this kind of work.
齿轮系在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the geartrain in a safe place after use.
用后请把齿轮系放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the geartrain to the entrance of the building.
团队把齿轮系搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable geartrain at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的齿轮系。
比…更叫座;拔枪更快
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 比…更叫座;拔枪更快
▪ The outdraw is widely used in this kind of work.
比…更叫座在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the outdraw in a safe place after use.
用后请把比…更叫座放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the outdraw to the entrance of the building.
团队把比…更叫座搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable outdraw at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的比…更叫座。
透支;夸张描述
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 透支;夸张描述
▪ The overdraw is widely used in this kind of work.
透支在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the overdraw in a safe place after use.
用后请把透支放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the overdraw to the entrance of the building.
团队把透支搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable overdraw at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的透支。
肖像;画像;描绘
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 肖像;画像;描绘
▪ The portrait is widely used in this kind of work.
肖像在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the portrait in a safe place after use.
用后请把肖像放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the portrait to the entrance of the building.
团队把肖像搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable portrait at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的肖像。
肖像画家
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 肖像画家
▪ The portraitist arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位肖像画家比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained portraitist knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的肖像画家知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced portraitist for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的肖像画家。
▪ The portraitist answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,肖像画家回答了记者的提问。
肖像画法;肖像(总称)
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 肖像画法;肖像(总称)
▪ The portraiture is widely used in this kind of work.
肖像画法在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the portraiture in a safe place after use.
用后请把肖像画法放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the portraiture to the entrance of the building.
团队把肖像画法搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable portraiture at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的肖像画法。
描绘;(演员)扮演
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 描绘;(演员)扮演
▪ The portray is widely used in this kind of work.
描绘在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the portray in a safe place after use.
用后请把描绘放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the portray to the entrance of the building.
团队把描绘搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable portray at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的描绘。
描绘;描述;扮演
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 描绘;描述;扮演
▪ The portrayal is widely used in this kind of work.
描绘在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the portrayal in a safe place after use.
用后请把描绘放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the portrayal to the entrance of the building.
团队把描绘搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable portrayal at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的描绘。
跑道;赛马场
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 跑道;赛马场
▪ The racetrack is widely used in this kind of work.
跑道在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the racetrack in a safe place after use.
用后请把跑道放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the racetrack to the entrance of the building.
团队把跑道搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable racetrack at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的跑道。
重新起草 n. 改写稿
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 重新起草 n. 改写稿
▪ The redraft is widely used in this kind of work.
重新起草在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the redraft in a safe place after use.
用后请把重新起草放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the redraft to the entrance of the building.
团队把重新起草搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable redraft at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的重新起草。
折回;追溯;重描
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 折回;追溯;重描
▪ The retrace is widely used in this kind of work.
折回在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the retrace in a safe place after use.
用后请把折回放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the retrace to the entrance of the building.
团队把折回搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable retrace at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的折回。
接受)再培训
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 接受)再培训
▪ The retrain is widely used in this kind of work.
再培训在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the retrain in a safe place after use.
用后请把再培训放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the retrain to the entrance of the building.
团队把再培训搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable retrain at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的再培训。
宗教)静修者
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 宗教)静修者
▪ The retreatant arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位静修者比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained retreatant knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的静修者知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced retreatant for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的静修者。
▪ The retreatant answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,静修者回答了记者的提问。
半挂车
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 半挂车
▪ The semitrailer is widely used in this kind of work.
半挂车在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the semitrailer in a safe place after use.
用后请把半挂车放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the semitrailer to the entrance of the building.
团队把半挂车搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable semitrailer at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的半挂车。
使转到侧线;使偏离 n. 侧线
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 使转到侧线;使偏离 n. 侧线
▪ The sidetrack is widely used in this kind of work.
使转到侧线在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the sidetrack in a safe place after use.
用后请把使转到侧线放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the sidetrack to the entrance of the building.
团队把使转到侧线搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable sidetrack at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的使转到侧线。
电影配乐;声迹
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 电影配乐;声迹
▪ The soundtrack is widely used in this kind of work.
电影配乐在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the soundtrack in a safe place after use.
用后请把电影配乐放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the soundtrack to the entrance of the building.
团队把电影配乐搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable soundtrack at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的电影配乐。
追踪者;示踪物;曳光弹
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 追踪者;示踪物;曳光弹
▪ The tracer arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位追踪者比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained tracer knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的追踪者知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced tracer for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的追踪者。
▪ The tracer answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,追踪者回答了记者的提问。
花饰窗格;网状装饰
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 花饰窗格;网状装饰
▪ The tracery is widely used in this kind of work.
花饰窗格在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the tracery in a safe place after use.
用后请把花饰窗格放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the tracery to the entrance of the building.
团队把花饰窗格搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable tracery at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的花饰窗格。
描摹;追踪;摹图
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 描摹;追踪;摹图
▪ The whole tracing took several hours to complete.
整个描摹过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper tracing is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的描摹至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of tracing with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了描摹的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the tracing.
经理就描摹写了一份清晰的报告。
追踪者;追踪器
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 追踪者;追踪器
▪ The tracker arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位追踪者比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained tracker knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的追踪者知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced tracker for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的追踪者。
▪ The tracker answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,追踪者回答了记者的提问。
追踪;跟踪
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 追踪;跟踪
▪ The whole tracking took several hours to complete.
整个追踪过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper tracking is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的追踪至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of tracking with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了追踪的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the tracking.
经理就追踪写了一份清晰的报告。
无路的;无踪迹的;不留痕的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
形 无路的;无踪迹的;不留痕的
▪ The new rule will be trackless for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是无路的。
▪ They considered the plan trackless after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是无路的。
▪ The manager gave a trackless answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个无路的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be trackless before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是无路的的。
开拓者;先驱
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 开拓者;先驱
▪ The trailblazer arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位开拓者比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained trailblazer knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的开拓者知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced trailblazer for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的开拓者。
▪ The trailblazer answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,开拓者回答了记者的提问。
拖车;(电影)预告片
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 拖车;(电影)预告片
▪ The trailer is widely used in this kind of work.
拖车在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the trailer in a safe place after use.
用后请把拖车放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the trailer to the entrance of the building.
团队把拖车搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable trailer at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的拖车。
受训者;实习生
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 受训者;实习生
▪ The trainee arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位受训者比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained trainee knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的受训者知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced trainee for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的受训者。
▪ The trainee answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,受训者回答了记者的提问。
教练员;训练器;运动鞋
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 教练员;训练器;运动鞋
▪ The trainer arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位教练员比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained trainer knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的教练员知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced trainer for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的教练员。
▪ The trainer answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,教练员回答了记者的提问。
训练;培养
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 训练;培养
▪ The whole training took several hours to complete.
整个训练过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper training is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的训练至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of training with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了训练的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the training.
经理就训练写了一份清晰的报告。
拖网(捕鱼);搜罗
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 拖网(捕鱼);搜罗
▪ The trawl is widely used in this kind of work.
拖网在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the trawl in a safe place after use.
用后请把拖网放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the trawl to the entrance of the building.
团队把拖网搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable trawl at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的拖网。
拖网渔船;拖网渔民
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 拖网渔船;拖网渔民
▪ The trawler is widely used in this kind of work.
拖网渔船在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the trawler in a safe place after use.
用后请把拖网渔船放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the trawler to the entrance of the building.
团队把拖网渔船搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable trawler at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的拖网渔船。
长途跋涉;徒步旅行;(南非)牛车迁徙
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 长途跋涉;徒步旅行;(南非)牛车迁徙
▪ The trek is widely used in this kind of work.
长途跋涉在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the trek in a safe place after use.
用后请把长途跋涉放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the trek to the entrance of the building.
团队把长途跋涉搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable trek at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的长途跋涉。
长途徒步旅行者
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 长途徒步旅行者
▪ The trekker arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位长途徒步旅行者比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained trekker knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的长途徒步旅行者知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced trekker for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的长途徒步旅行者。
▪ The trekker answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,长途徒步旅行者回答了记者的提问。
持枪歹徒;职业枪手
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 持枪歹徒;职业枪手
▪ The triggerman arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位持枪歹徒比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained triggerman knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的持枪歹徒知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced triggerman for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的持枪歹徒。
▪ The triggerman answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,持枪歹徒回答了记者的提问。
上升气流
拉丁词根 tract 派生:tract
名 上升气流
▪ The updraft is widely used in this kind of work.
上升气流在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the updraft in a safe place after use.
用后请把上升气流放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the updraft to the entrance of the building.
团队把上升气流搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable updraft at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的上升气流。
ive
贬低的,诋毁的
拉丁词根 tract 派生:detract + ive
形 贬低的,诋毁的
▪ The new rule will be detractive for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是贬低的。
▪ They considered the plan detractive after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是贬低的。
▪ The manager gave a detractive answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个贬低的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be detractive before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是贬低的的。
考辨与注意 NOTES & CAUTIONS
train 是「拖出来的后部」
拉丁 trahere → 古法 trahiner「拖、训练」→ train「火车;训练」;原义「被拖的后部、行列」。
注意 tract / trace / track
tract(书面,-ct-)与 trace/track(古法「拖出的痕迹」)同源;draw/drag 是本族平行词。
词源树 ETYMOLOGY TREE
PIE *tragh-(draw, pull) ← 古英语 dragan「拉」
│
├─ 拉丁 trahō · trahere · trāxī · tractum(第三变位)
│ ├─ 分词词干 tract-:attract · contract · extract · abstract · tractor
│ ├─ 古法支:treat · train · trace · track · treatise
│ └─ 复合:ad- 向=attract · con- 一起=contract · ex- 出=extract · dis- 分=distract · re- 回=retreat
│
└─ 日耳曼:古英语 dragan → draw · drag · draft
证据与方法 EVIDENCE & METHOD
判定 tract 同根,关键在 draw/drag 的跨语族同源。
三词干
trahere 现在 trah-/完成 trāx-/分词 tract- 同根。
tract / treat
tract(书面)与 treat(古法)同源异流。
25 词闭环
attract/contract/extract/treat/train 25 词都由 trahere 生成。
外围同源 EXTENDED COGNATES
N · 日耳曼 draw(拉)
古英语 dragan
draw · drag · draft · haul 本族继承;与 trahere 同 *tragh-
G · 希腊
—
本根无独立希腊借词
一屏速记 · 112 词
形 抽象的;理论的 n. 摘要 v. 提取;使抽象
源L abstractus「被拉走的」=abs-/ab…
例Truth is an abstract idea.
动 吸引;引起(注意)
源L attractus「被拉向」=ad-(向)+tr…
例The show attracts many tourists.
名 吸引(力);吸引人的事物
源attract+-ion
例The city is a tourist attraction.
形 有吸引力的;迷人的
源attract+-ive
例She wore an attractive dress.
名 合同;契约 v. 订约;收缩;感染(疾病)
源L contractus「被拉到一起的」=con-+…
例They signed a two-year contract.
动 使分心;转移(注意);使困惑
源L distractus「被拉开的」=dis-(ap…
例Noise distracts me when I read.
名 草稿;汇票;征兵;一饮;气流 v. 起草;征召
源OE dræft<dragan「拉/拖」(draw …
例She wrote a first draft.
动 拖、拉;硬拖;拖沓 n. 拖累;阻力;拖拽
源OE dragan/ON draga「拖」(Gmc,…
例He began to drag the box across the floor.
动 画;拉、拖;吸引;拔 n. 平局;抽签
源OE dragan「拉、拖」(Gmc *dragan…
例She likes to draw a picture each morning.
动 拔出;提取;摘录 n. 提取物;摘录
源L extractus「被拉出的」=ex-(out)…
例They extracted oil from the seeds.
动 撤退;名 退避;名 静修(所)
源OFr retret/retraite<L retr…
例The army retreated at night.
动 追踪;追溯;描摹 n. 痕迹;微量
源OFr trace/tracer<VL *tract…
例They traced the river to its source.
名 足迹;轨道;跑道;曲目 v. 追踪
源OFr trac「足迹、拖痕」(或与 trace 同…
例The train left the track.
名 大片土地/地带;(解剖)道、束;(宗教/政治)小册子
源L tractus「拉、拖;延展的一片」(trahe…
例A wide tract of land lay before us.
动 拖曳;尾随;(植物)蔓延 n. 小径;痕迹
源OFr trailler「拖」<VL *tragul…
例They hiked a mountain trail.
名 火车;行列;长裙裾 v. 训练;培养
源OFr train/trahiner「拖」<VL *…
例We took the train to London.
名 特征;特性
源OFr trait「拉线、一笔」<L tractum…
例Kindness is her best trait.
动 对待;治疗;款待;论述 n. 乐事;款待
源OFr traitier/tretier<L tra…
例She treated us to dinner.
名 对待;治疗(法);处理
源treat+-ment
例The treatment cured the disease.
名 条约;协定
源OFr traité「条约」<L tractātus…
例The nations signed a peace treaty.
名 扳机;触发物 v. 触发;引发
源Du trekker「扳机」,字面「拉者」<trek…
例He pulled the trigger.
动 撤回;撤退;提取(钱)
源with-(away/back,Gmc)+draw(…
例She will withdraw money from the bank.
形 可收缩的;有收缩力的
源L contractilis「可拉紧的」
例Muscles are contractile tissue.
名 承包商;立约人
源LL contractor「订约者」
例The contractor built the house.
形 合同的;契约的
源contract+-ual
例They have contractual obligations.
形 心不在焉的;抽出的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be abstracted for everyone in the group.
名 抽象(概念);提取;出神
源tract
构tract
例The whole abstraction took several hours to complete.
形 抽象的;有概括力的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be abstractive for everyone in the group.
名 引人/物;(混沌理论)吸引子
源tract
构tract
例The attractor arrived at the office earlier than usual.
名 收缩;缩写式;(肌肉)挛缩
源tract
构tract
例The whole contraction took several hours to complete.
名 医学)挛缩
源tract
构tract
例The contracture arrived at the office earlier than usual.
名 反吸引物;对抗吸引力
源tract
构tract
例The whole counterattraction took several hours to complete.
名 减损;贬低(from)
源tract
构tract
例The detract is widely used in this kind of work.
名 贬低;诽谤;减损
源tract
构tract
例The whole detraction took several hours to complete.
名 诋毁者;批评者
源tract
构tract
例The detractor arrived at the office earlier than usual.
形 分心的;心烦意乱的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be distracted for everyone in the group.
名 分心(的事);消遣;心烦意乱
源tract
构tract
例The whole distraction took several hours to complete.
名 恳求;乞求
源tract
构tract
例The entreat is widely used in this kind of work.
名 恳求;哀求
源tract
构tract
例The entreaty is widely used in this kind of work.
名 拔出;提取;血统
源tract
构tract
例The whole extraction took several hours to complete.
名 提取器;排油烟机;抽取者
源tract
构tract
例The extractor is widely used in this kind of work.
形 难驾驭的;倔强的;难处理的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be intractable for everyone in the group.
名 虐待;滥用
源tract
构tract
例The maltreat is widely used in this kind of work.
名 虐待
源tract
构tract
例The whole maltreatment took several hours to complete.
名 虐待
源tract
构tract
例The mistreat is widely used in this kind of work.
名 虐待
源tract
构tract
例The whole mistreatment took several hours to complete.
名 延长;拖延;伸出
源tract
构tract
例The protract is widely used in this kind of work.
形 延长的;拖延的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be protracted for everyone in the group.
形 器官)可伸出的;能延长的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be protractile for everyone in the group.
名 延长;拖延
源tract
构tract
例The whole protraction took several hours to complete.
名 量角器;伸肌;拖延者
源tract
构tract
例The protractor is widely used in this kind of work.
名 缩回;收回(成命);撤回
源tract
构tract
例The retract is widely used in this kind of work.
形 可收回的;可伸缩的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be retractable for everyone in the group.
形 能缩回的;收缩的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be retractile for everyone in the group.
名 收回;撤回;缩回
源tract
构tract
例The whole retraction took several hours to complete.
名 外科)牵开器;缩肌;收回者
源tract
构tract
例The retractor is widely used in this kind of work.
名 分包;转包(合同)
源tract
构tract
例The subcontract is widely used in this kind of work.
名 减去;扣除
源tract
构tract
例The subtract is widely used in this kind of work.
名 减去;减法
源tract
构tract
例The whole subtraction took several hours to complete.
形 减去的;负的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be subtractive for everyone in the group.
名 数学)减数
源tract
构tract
例The subtrahend is widely used in this kind of work.
形 易管教的;温顺的;易加工/处理的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be tractable for everyone in the group.
形 可拉长的;有延展性的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be tractile for everyone in the group.
名 拖、拉;牵引力;(轮胎)附着摩擦力
源tract
构tract
例The whole traction took several hours to complete.
形 牵引的;拖的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be tractive for everyone in the group.
名 拖拉机;牵引器
源tract
构tract
例The tractor is widely used in this kind of work.
动 专题)论文;专著
源tract
构tract
例The manager decided to treatise the problem before the meeting.
名 原路返回;退缩;变卦
源tract
构tract
例The backtrack is widely used in this kind of work.
形 湿透的;泥污的;凌乱的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be bedraggled for everyone in the group.
名 飞机)凝结尾迹
源tract
构tract
例The contrail is widely used in this kind of work.
名 使)下火车
源tract
构tract
例The detrain is widely used in this kind of work.
形 心不在焉的;神思恍惚的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be distrait for everyone in the group.
名 下降气流
源tract
构tract
例The downdraft is widely used in this kind of work.
名 拖湿;拖脏;(湿衣)垂拖;落后
源tract
构tract
例The draggle is widely used in this kind of work.
名 拖网;(警方)搜捕网
源tract
构tract
例The dragnet is widely used in this kind of work.
名 英)气流;一饮;(draughts)国际跳棋
源tract
构tract
例The draught is widely used in this kind of work.
形 面容)憔悴的;拔出的;不分胜负的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be drawn for everyone in the group.
名 上火车;(流体/气流)夹带
源tract
构tract
例The entrain is widely used in this kind of work.
名 齿轮系
源tract
构tract
例The geartrain is widely used in this kind of work.
名 比…更叫座;拔枪更快
源tract
构tract
例The outdraw is widely used in this kind of work.
名 透支;夸张描述
源tract
构tract
例The overdraw is widely used in this kind of work.
名 肖像;画像;描绘
源tract
构tract
例The portrait is widely used in this kind of work.
名 肖像画家
源tract
构tract
例The portraitist arrived at the office earlier than usual.
名 肖像画法;肖像(总称)
源tract
构tract
例The portraiture is widely used in this kind of work.
名 描绘;(演员)扮演
源tract
构tract
例The portray is widely used in this kind of work.
名 描绘;描述;扮演
源tract
构tract
例The portrayal is widely used in this kind of work.
名 跑道;赛马场
源tract
构tract
例The racetrack is widely used in this kind of work.
名 重新起草 n. 改写稿
源tract
构tract
例The redraft is widely used in this kind of work.
名 折回;追溯;重描
源tract
构tract
例The retrace is widely used in this kind of work.
名 接受)再培训
源tract
构tract
例The retrain is widely used in this kind of work.
名 宗教)静修者
源tract
构tract
例The retreatant arrived at the office earlier than usual.
名 半挂车
源tract
构tract
例The semitrailer is widely used in this kind of work.
名 使转到侧线;使偏离 n. 侧线
源tract
构tract
例The sidetrack is widely used in this kind of work.
名 电影配乐;声迹
源tract
构tract
例The soundtrack is widely used in this kind of work.
名 追踪者;示踪物;曳光弹
源tract
构tract
例The tracer arrived at the office earlier than usual.
名 花饰窗格;网状装饰
源tract
构tract
例The tracery is widely used in this kind of work.
名 描摹;追踪;摹图
源tract
构tract
例The whole tracing took several hours to complete.
名 追踪者;追踪器
源tract
构tract
例The tracker arrived at the office earlier than usual.
名 追踪;跟踪
源tract
构tract
例The whole tracking took several hours to complete.
形 无路的;无踪迹的;不留痕的
源tract
构tract
例The new rule will be trackless for everyone in the group.
名 开拓者;先驱
源tract
构tract
例The trailblazer arrived at the office earlier than usual.
名 拖车;(电影)预告片
源tract
构tract
例The trailer is widely used in this kind of work.
名 受训者;实习生
源tract
构tract
例The trainee arrived at the office earlier than usual.
名 教练员;训练器;运动鞋
源tract
构tract
例The trainer arrived at the office earlier than usual.
名 训练;培养
源tract
构tract
例The whole training took several hours to complete.
名 拖网(捕鱼);搜罗
源tract
构tract
例The trawl is widely used in this kind of work.
名 拖网渔船;拖网渔民
源tract
构tract
例The trawler is widely used in this kind of work.
名 长途跋涉;徒步旅行;(南非)牛车迁徙
源tract
构tract
例The trek is widely used in this kind of work.
名 长途徒步旅行者
源tract
构tract
例The trekker arrived at the office earlier than usual.
名 持枪歹徒;职业枪手
源tract
构tract
例The triggerman arrived at the office earlier than usual.
名 上升气流
源tract
构tract
例The updraft is widely used in this kind of work.
形 贬低的,诋毁的
源detract + ive
构detract + ive
例The new rule will be detractive for everyone in the group.
跨语族导航 NAVIGATION
tract 在拉丁、希腊、日耳曼三条线上的同根字根(点击可跳转)。
G 篇待补 · 无独立希腊页
N 篇待补 · 古英语 dragan(draw)

