拉丁字根 L114・sist

LATIN ROOT · L114 · 拉丁字根

sist / sta / stat站立 · 立

PIE root *sta-「to stand」

语源:拉丁借词(stāre/sistere/status,多经古法语)
拉丁第一/第三变位:stō · stāre · stetī · status;sistō · sistere
共时词族:见 cards

同源词跨语言对照 COGNATES ACROSS LANGUAGES

stāre「站」与 sistere「使立」是两个拉丁动词;英语这一族从「立」生长出极大家族,与本族 stand 同根。

L · LATIN 拉丁(本根)

*sta- → Latin stāre「to stand」,sistere「to place」,分词 status

stāre / stat-

stand · stable · state · station · status · insist · consist · exist(详见本页)

G · GREEK 希腊

*sta- → 希腊 histēmi「使立」

sta-

希腊 histēmi→system「并立」

N · GERMANIC 日耳曼

*sta- → 日耳曼 standan

stand

英语本族 stand /stænd/(N 篇)

*sta- 三线:拉丁 stāre「站」|希腊 histēmi「使立」|日耳曼 stand;stand 是本族同根词。

stāre 的完成 stetī、分词 status;sistere「使立」派生 insist/consist/exist/persist/resist。

词根的三词干 TWO VERBS · STEMS

拉丁 stāre(I 站)与 sistere(III 使立)并行;英语借词多取现在词干 -stare/-sist- 与分词 status。

PRESENT 现在词干

sta-/-sist-

stō/stāre(站);sistō/sistere(使立)

stand · state · insist · exist

PERFECT 完成词干

stet-

stetī|完成(元音 e)

拉丁完成:stetī「我站了」

PARTICIPLE 分词词干

stat-

status|完成分词 -tus

stable · station · status · statue · stance

音变小注 SOUND CHANGES

从拉丁 stāre/status 到现代英语各词,关键形态—语音调整。

①stāre→stand

日耳曼 standan→stand(本族);拉丁 stāre 经法语 estat→state。

②status→stable

拉丁 stabilis→stable /ˈsteɪbl/。

③stationem→station

拉丁 statiō→station /ˈsteɪʃn/。

④sistere→insist

insistere→insist /ɪnˈsɪst/。

形态纵深 MORPHOLOGY

stō(I 站)与 sistere(III 使立)并行;复合 in-/con-/ex-/per-/re-;分词 status。

现在 1sg(站)

stō

我站

现在不定式

stāre

to stand

完成 1sg

stetī

我站了

目的分词

statum

分词词干 stat-

现在时变位 · stāre(第一变位,站)

人称 主动 词结构 义
1 sg stō stā-ō 我站
2 sg stās stā-s 你站
3 sg stat stā-t 他站
1 pl stāmus stā-mus 我们站
3 pl stant stant 他们站

入英路径 · 拉丁 → 古法语 → 英语

英语词 拉丁 古法语 入英年代
state status(法语 estat) estat 12 世纪
stable stabilis stable 13 世纪
station statiō station 14 世纪
insist insistere insister 16 世纪

三个关键事实:① exist=ex-「出」+sistere「立出」→存在;② insist=in-「上」+sistere「立上」→坚持;③ resist=re-「反」+sistere「反立」→抵抗。

-ion拉丁 -tiō:station · existence
-ure拉丁 -ūra:statue · stature
-ive拉丁 -īvus:station · relative
-ous拉丁 -ōsus:sturdy(经古法语)

语义地图 SEMANTIC MAP

stāre 核心是「站」,向「状态」「站立点」「坚持/存在/抵抗」引申。

站

拉丁本义

→

站立的状态

status → state

→

国家、状态

state
立住

stabilis

→

稳定的

stable

→

稳定

stability
立住不动

sistere 复合

→

坚持、存在、抵抗

insist · exist · resist

→

…立

consist · persist
站立之处

statiō

→

车站、驻地

station

→

身份

status
习语(由「站」义推出):stand up「站起」· state of mind「心态」· insist on「坚持」· resist temptation「抵制诱惑」。
assist/əˈsɪst/A
as-sist

ad- 向;sistere 站立

拉丁 assistere「stand by, take part, help 站到旁边、援手」=ad-(to 向)+sistere「cause to stand 使站立」。

动 协助、帮助;到场

▪ Two nurses assisted the surgeon during the operation.
两名护士在手术中协助外科医生。

▪ The student assisted the professor with her research.
这名学生协助教授做研究。

▪ A team of volunteers assisted at the disaster site.
一队志愿者在灾区提供帮助。

▪ He assisted his daughter with her homework every night.
他每晚辅导女儿做作业。

assistance/əˈsɪstəns/A
as-sist-ance

向;站立

assistere(assist 协助)+-antia(状态/行为)。

名 帮助、援助

▪ The old man needed assistance to cross the street.
那位老人需要人搀扶过马路。

▪ The project received financial assistance from the city.
该项目得到了市政府的资助。

▪ She called for assistance when the car broke down.
车抛锚时她打电话求助。

▪ The charity offers legal assistance to the poor.
这家慈善机构为穷人提供法律援助。

consist/kənˈsɪst/A
con-sist

一起;站立

拉丁 consistere「stand together, take stand, exist 站到一起、成形、存在」=com-(together 一起)+sistere「使站立」。

动 由…组成;在于;一致

▪ The team consists of five researchers.
这个团队由五名研究人员组成。

▪ Happiness consists in simple things.
幸福存在于简单的事物之中。

▪ The salad consists mainly of fresh greens.
这道沙拉主要由新鲜蔬菜组成。

▪ His duties consist of answering emails.
他的职责就是回复邮件。

constant/ˈkɑːnstənt/A
con-st-ant

一起;stāre 站立

拉丁 constāns(干 constant-)「standing firm, fixed 站稳的、固定的」,constāre「stand together 站到一起、稳固」的现在分词。

形 恒定的、不断的;忠诚的;n. 常量

▪ The constant noise gave me a headache.
持续不断的噪音让我头疼。

▪ She has been a constant friend for thirty years.
三十年来她一直是位忠实的朋友。

▪ The speed of light is a physical constant.
光速是一个物理常量。

▪ His constant complaining annoyed everyone.
他没完没了的抱怨惹恼了所有人。

constitute/ˈkɑːnstətuːt/A
con-stitu-te

一起;statuere 设立

拉丁 constituere「set up, establish, arrange 立到一起、设立」=com-(together)+statuere「set 设立」。

动 构成、组成;设立、任命

▪ Women constitute half of the workforce.
女性占劳动力的一半。

▪ These three documents constitute the whole agreement.
这三份文件构成了整个协议。

▪ The committee was constituted last spring.
委员会是去年春天成立的。

▪ Such behavior constitutes a serious offense.
这种行为构成严重违法。

constitution/ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃn/A
con-stitu-tion

一起;设立

古法语 constitution<拉丁 constitūtiō(n-)「establishment, arrangement 设立、构成」。

名 宪法;构成;体质

▪ The country adopted a new constitution in 1947.
该国于1947年通过了新宪法。

▪ He has a strong constitution and rarely falls ill.
他体质强壮,很少生病。

▪ The genetic constitution of the plant is unusual.
这种植物的基因构成很特别。

▪ The constitution of the club sets out its rules.
俱乐部章程规定了各项规则。

cost/kɔːst/A
co-st

com- 一起;stāre 站立

古法语 coster/couster<拉丁 constāre「stand together, be fixed, cost 站到一起、定住、值(多少钱)」=com-(together)+stāre「stand」。

动 花费;n. 成本、代价

▪ The new laptop cost him two thousand dollars.
这台新笔记本花了他两千美元。

▪ We must reduce the cost of production.
我们必须降低生产成本。

▪ The war cost millions of lives.
这场战争夺去了数百万人的生命。

▪ He built the house at great cost.
他花了很大代价盖了这栋房子。

distance/ˈdɪstəns/A
di-st-ance

dis- 分开;站立

古法语 distance<拉丁 distantia「remoteness, distance 相距」<distāre「stand apart 分开站」=dis-(apart)+stāre「stand」。

名 距离;远处;疏远

▪ The hotel is within walking distance of the station.
旅馆离车站步行可达。

▪ She watched the strangers from a distance.
她远远地观察着那些陌生人。

▪ There has been a growing distance between them.
他们之间越来越疏远。

▪ Measure the distance between the two walls.
量一量两面墙之间的距离。

estate/ɪˈsteɪt/A
e-stat-e。

词首增生;status 状况

古法语 estat<拉丁 status「state, condition, position 状况、地位」,词首增生 e-(prothesis)。

名 财产、遗产;庄园;地产

▪ He left his entire estate to his granddaughter.
他把全部遗产留给了孙女。

▪ They own a country estate with a large garden.
他们在乡下有一座带大花园的庄园。

▪ The housing estate was built after the war.
这个住宅小区是战后建的。

▪ She bought an estate agent near the square.
她在广场附近开了一家房产中介。

exist/ɪɡˈzɪst/A
ex-ist

出;sistere 站立,x 后 s 同化为 exsist-

拉丁 existere/exsistere「step out, stand forth, emerge, be 站出来、显现、存在」=ex-(out 出)+sistere「使站立」。

动 存在;生存、活着

▪ Ghosts do not exist in the real world.
现实世界里并不存在鬼魂。

▪ Many rare animals exist only in this forest.
许多珍稀动物只存在于这片森林里。

▪ They barely exist on the small pension.
他们靠微薄的养老金勉强糊口。

▪ A number of problems still exist.
仍然存在不少问题。

insist/ɪnˈsɪst/A
in-sist

在…上;站立

拉丁 insistere「stand on, dwell on, persist 站在其上、紧踩不放」=in-(on 上)+sistere「使站立」。

动 坚持(要求/主张)

▪ She insisted on paying for dinner.
她坚持要付晚饭钱。

▪ He insisted that he was innocent.
他坚称自己是无辜的。

▪ My mother insisted that I wear a coat.
母亲执意要我穿外套。

▪ The workers insisted on better safety rules.
工人们坚持要求更好的安全规章。

install/ɪnˈstɔːl/A
in-stall

进入;stall 席位

中世纪拉丁 installare「place in a stall 置入席位」=in-(in)+stallum「stall, place 席位/厩」(<stall「站立处」)。

动 安装;任命、使就职

▪ We installed a new air conditioner last week.
我们上周装了一台新空调。

▪ The mayor was installed in office on Monday.
市长于周一宣誓就职。

▪ They installed an alarm on every door.
他们在每扇门上都装了警报器。

▪ It takes ten minutes to install the app.
安装这个应用程序需要十分钟。

instant/ˈɪnstənt/A
in-st-ant

在上;迫近

拉丁 instāns(干 instant-)「standing on, present, urgent 站到跟前的、迫近的」,instāre「stand upon, be at hand 站在其上、迫近」的现在分词。

形 立即的;即食的;n. 瞬间

▪ The medicine gave instant relief.
这药立刻见效。

▪ For an instant she could not speak.
有那么一瞬间她说不出话来。

▪ I prefer instant noodles when I am in a hurry.
我赶时间时更喜欢吃方便面。

▪ The camera captures the instant the ball lands.
相机拍下球落地的那一瞬。

institute/ˈɪnstətuːt/A
in-stitu-te。

立起;statuere 设立

拉丁 instituere「set up, establish, ordain, instruct 立起来、设立、教导」=in-(in/up 立起)+statuere「set」。

动 建立、制定;n. 学会、学院、研究所

▪ The research institute was founded in 1960.
这家研究所成立于1960年。

▪ The government instituted a new tax last year.
政府去年开征了一项新税。

▪ She attends an art institute in Florence.
她在佛罗伦萨的一所艺术学院上学。

▪ The college instituted stricter rules on dorm parties.
学院对宿舍聚会制定了更严的规定。

institution/ˌɪnstəˈtuːʃn/A
in-stitu-tion

立起;设立

古法语 institution<拉丁 institūtiō(n-)「establishment, instruction 设立、教导」。

名 机构;制度;设立;(口语)名人

▪ The bank is the oldest financial institution in the city.
这家银行是城里最老的金融机构。

▪ Marriage is a social institution in every culture.
婚姻是每种文化都有的社会制度。

▪ The institution of the prize dates back to 1901.
该奖项的设立可追溯到1901年。

▪ My grandfather is a local institution.
我祖父是当地家喻户晓的人物。

irresistible/ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbəl/A
ir-re-sist-ible

不;对着

晚期拉丁 irresistibilis「不可抵挡」=ir-(in- 不,r 前同化)+resistere「抵抗」+-bilis。

形 无法抗拒的、极诱人的

▪ The smell of fresh bread was irresistible.
新鲜面包的香味让人无法抗拒。

▪ She felt an irresistible urge to laugh.
她忍不住想笑。

▪ The team had an irresistible lead by halftime.
到中场时球队领先得势不可挡。

▪ The offer was simply irresistible.
这个提议实在让人无法拒绝。

persist/pərˈsɪst/A
per-sist

贯穿;站立

拉丁 persistere「continue to stand, remain 一直站着、持续」=per-(through 贯穿)+sistere「使站立」。

动 坚持不懈;持续、存留

▪ If the pain persists, see a doctor.
如果疼痛持续不退,就去看医生。

▪ She persisted in her efforts despite the failures.
尽管屡遭失败,她仍坚持不懈。

▪ The fog persisted throughout the morning.
大雾一上午都没散。

▪ He persisted with the question until I answered.
他刨根问底,直到我回答为止。

resist/rɪˈzɪst/A
re-sist

对着;站立

拉丁 resistere「stand against, oppose 对着站、抵抗」=re-(against 对着)+sistere「使站立」。

动 抵抗、抵制;忍住

▪ The window could not resist the force of the flood.
窗户抵挡不住洪水的冲击力。

▪ I could not resist the chocolate cake.
我忍不住要吃那块巧克力蛋糕。

▪ They resisted the enemy attack for three days.
他们顶住敌人的进攻达三天之久。

▪ She resisted the urge to check her phone.
她强忍着不去看手机。

restaurant/ˈrestərɑːnt/A
restaur-ant

restaurāre 恢复;-antem …之物

法语 restaurant(本为 restaurer「restore 恢复体力」的现在分词「使人恢复的」)<拉丁 restaurāre「restore, renew 修复」<re-+*staurāre(<*stā-)。

名 餐厅、饭馆

▪ We ate dinner at a small Italian restaurant.
我们在一家小意大利餐馆吃了晚饭。

▪ The restaurant opens at six in the morning.
这家餐馆早上六点营业。

▪ He runs a seafood restaurant by the harbor.
他在港口边开了一家海鲜馆。

▪ The restaurant was full on Valentine night.
情人节那家餐厅座无虚席。

stage/steɪdʒ/A
st-age

站立;-āticum 处所

古法语 estage「building, story, stage, standing place 楼层、站立处」<俗拉丁 *staticum「站立处」<拉丁 status/stare。

名 舞台;阶段;v. 上演、举办

▪ The actors walked onto the stage.
演员们走上舞台。

▪ The project is still in its early stage.
这个项目仍处于早期阶段。

▪ The city will stage the next games.
这座城市将举办下一届运动会。

▪ She staged her first play at college.
她在大学时排演了自己的第一部戏。

stand/stænd/A
stand

日耳曼 *stā- 鼻音词干

古英语 standan「to stand」<原始日耳曼 *standanan<PIE *stā-「to stand」(鼻音现在时词干)。

动 站立;忍受;n. 立场、摊位

▪ Please stand when the judge enters.
法官进来时请起立。

▪ I cannot stand his endless complaints.
我受不了他没完没了的抱怨。

▪ They took a firm stand against corruption.
他们坚决反对腐败。

▪ A lemonade stand stood near the park gate.
公园门口有个卖柠檬水的小摊。

standard/ˈstændərd/A
stand-ard

站立;-hard 器物

古法语 estandart/standard「rallying point, standard 集合旗帜」<法兰克 *standan「stand」(日耳曼 *stā-)+-ard。

名 标准、水准;旗帜;adj. 标准的

▪ The work meets the highest standard of quality.
这项工作达到了最高质量标准。

▪ The national standard requires safety tests.
国家标准要求进行安全测试。

▪ She ordered the standard menu instead of the wine list.
她点了标准套餐,而不是看酒单。

▪ The soldiers carried the regimental standard.
士兵们举着团旗。

state/steɪt/A
stat-e。

status 站立状况

拉丁 status「manner of standing, condition, position 站立方式、状况、地位」<stare「to stand 站立」的过去分词。

名 状态;州;国家;v. 陈述

▪ The house was in a terrible state after the party.
聚会过后房子乱得一塌糊涂。

▪ He lives in the state of California.
他住在加利福尼亚州。

▪ The president stated that taxes would rise.
总统声明税收将会提高。

▪ She stated her opinion clearly.
她清楚地陈述了自己的观点。

statement/ˈsteɪtmənt/A
stat-ment

立出来;行为结果

state(陈述)+-ment(-mentum 行为/结果)。

名 陈述、声明;报表

▪ The company issued a statement denying the rumor.
公司发表声明否认这一谣言。

▪ Please read the bank statement carefully.
请仔细阅读银行对账单。

▪ Her statement to the police lasted two hours.
她向警方做了长达两小时的笔录。

▪ The manager made a brief statement to the press.
经理向媒体发表了简短声明。

station/ˈsteɪʃn/A
stat-ion

站立;-iō 行为

古法语 station<拉丁 statiō(n-)「a standing, post, station 站立、岗位」<stare「stand」。

名 车站;站、所;电视台;岗位;v. 驻扎

▪ We met at the railway station at noon.
我们中午在火车站见面。

▪ The radio station broadcasts around the clock.
这家电台全天候播音。

▪ The soldiers were stationed near the border.
士兵们驻扎在边境附近。

▪ She walked to the bus station in the rain.
她冒雨走到汽车站。

armistice/ˈɑːrməstəs/B
sist/sta/stat

停战、休战(协定)

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 停战、休战(协定)

▪ The armistice is widely used in this kind of work.
停战在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the armistice in a safe place after use.
用后请把停战放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the armistice to the entrance of the building.
团队把停战搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable armistice at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的停战。

assistant/əˈsɪstənt/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

助手;adj. 辅助的、副的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 助手;adj. 辅助的、副的

▪ The assistant arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位助手比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained assistant knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的助手知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced assistant for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的助手。

▪ The assistant answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,助手回答了记者的提问。

coexist/ˌkoʊɪɡˈzɪst/C
sist/sta/stat

共存、同时存在

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 共存、同时存在

▪ The coexist is widely used in this kind of work.
共存在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the coexist in a safe place after use.
用后请把共存放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the coexist to the entrance of the building.
团队把共存搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable coexist at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的共存。

consistency/kənˈsɪstənsi/A
sist/sta/stat

一致性、连贯性;黏稠度

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 一致性、连贯性;黏稠度

▪ The whole consistency took several hours to complete.
整个一致性过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper consistency is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的一致性至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of consistency with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了一致性的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the consistency.
经理就一致性写了一份清晰的报告。

consistent/kənˈsɪstənt/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

一致的、始终如一的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 一致的、始终如一的

▪ The new rule will be consistent for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是一致的。

▪ They considered the plan consistent after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是一致的。

▪ The manager gave a consistent answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个一致的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be consistent before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是一致的的。

desist/dɪˈzɪst/C
sist/sta/stat

停止、罢手

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

动 停止、罢手

▪ The teacher asked the students to desist before the bell rang.
铃响前老师让学生们停止。

▪ She decided to desist after thinking about the risk.
考虑到风险后她决定停止。

▪ They will not desist unless the weather improves.
除非天气好转,否则他们不会停止。

▪ Nobody expected him to desist so quickly.
没人料到他这么快就停止了。

existence/ɪɡˈzɪstəns/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

存在;生存、生活

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 存在;生存、生活

▪ The whole existence took several hours to complete.
整个存在过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper existence is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的存在至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of existence with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了存在的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the existence.
经理就存在写了一份清晰的报告。

insistence/ɪnˈsɪstəns/B
sist/sta/stat

坚持、坚决主张

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 坚持、坚决主张

▪ The whole insistence took several hours to complete.
整个坚持过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper insistence is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的坚持至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of insistence with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了坚持的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the insistence.
经理就坚持写了一份清晰的报告。

insistent/ɪnˈsɪstənt/B
sist/sta/stat

坚持的、执拗的;醒目的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 坚持的、执拗的;醒目的

▪ The new rule will be insistent for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是坚持的。

▪ They considered the plan insistent after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是坚持的。

▪ The manager gave a insistent answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个坚持的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be insistent before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是坚持的的。

persistent/pərˈsɪstənt/A
sist/sta/stat

执着的;持续的、反复出现的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 执着的;持续的、反复出现的

▪ The new rule will be persistent for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是执着的。

▪ They considered the plan persistent after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是执着的。

▪ The manager gave a persistent answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个执着的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be persistent before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是执着的的。

resistance/rɪˈzɪstəns/A
sist/sta/stat

抵抗(力);电阻

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 抵抗(力);电阻

▪ The whole resistance took several hours to complete.
整个抵抗过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper resistance is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的抵抗至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of resistance with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了抵抗的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the resistance.
经理就抵抗写了一份清晰的报告。

resistant/rɪˈzɪstənt/B
sist/sta/stat

抵抗的、有抵抗力的;耐…的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 抵抗的、有抵抗力的;耐…的

▪ The new rule will be resistant for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是抵抗的。

▪ They considered the plan resistant after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是抵抗的。

▪ The manager gave a resistant answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个抵抗的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be resistant before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是抵抗的的。

resistor/rɪˈzɪstər/C
sist/sta/stat

电阻器、电阻元件

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 电阻器、电阻元件

▪ The resistor is widely used in this kind of work.
电阻器在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the resistor in a safe place after use.
用后请把电阻器放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the resistor to the entrance of the building.
团队把电阻器搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable resistor at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的电阻器。

subsist/səbˈsɪst/B
sist/sta/stat

维持生计、勉强生存;存在

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 维持生计、勉强生存;存在

▪ The subsist arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位维持生计比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained subsist knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的维持生计知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced subsist for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的维持生计。

▪ The subsist answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,维持生计回答了记者的提问。

subsistence/səbˈsɪstəns/B
sist/sta/stat

维持生计;最低生活(资料)

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 维持生计;最低生活(资料)

▪ The subsistence arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位维持生计比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained subsistence knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的维持生计知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced subsistence for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的维持生计。

▪ The subsistence answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,维持生计回答了记者的提问。

extant/ˈekstənt/B
sist/sta/stat

尚存的、现存的(尤指文献/物种)

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 尚存的、现存的(尤指文献/物种)

▪ The new rule will be extant for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是尚存的。

▪ They considered the plan extant after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是尚存的。

▪ The manager gave a extant answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个尚存的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be extant before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是尚存的的。

interstate/ˌɪntərˈsteɪt/C
sist/sta/stat

州际的;n. 州际公路

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 州际的;n. 州际公路

▪ The new rule will be interstate for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是州际的。

▪ They considered the plan interstate after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是州际的。

▪ The manager gave a interstate answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个州际的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be interstate before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是州际的的。

static/ˈstætɪk/B
sist/sta/stat

静止的、静态的;n. 静电(干扰)

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 静止的、静态的;n. 静电(干扰)

▪ The new rule will be static for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是静止的。

▪ They considered the plan static after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是静止的。

▪ The manager gave a static answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个静止的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be static before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是静止的的。

stationary/ˈsteɪʃəneri/B
sist/sta/stat

静止的、固定的、不动的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 静止的、固定的、不动的

▪ The new rule will be stationary for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是静止的。

▪ They considered the plan stationary after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是静止的。

▪ The manager gave a stationary answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个静止的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be stationary before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是静止的的。

stationery/ˈsteɪʃəneri/B
sist/sta/stat

文具(总称);信笺

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 文具(总称);信笺

▪ The stationery is widely used in this kind of work.
文具在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the stationery in a safe place after use.
用后请把文具放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the stationery to the entrance of the building.
团队把文具搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable stationery at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的文具。

statistical/stəˈtɪstɪkəl/A
sist/sta/stat

统计(学)的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 统计(学)的

▪ The new rule will be statistical for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是统计的。

▪ They considered the plan statistical after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是统计的。

▪ The manager gave a statistical answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个统计的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be statistical before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是统计的的。

statistics/stəˈtɪstɪks/B
sist/sta/stat

统计学;统计数据

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 统计学;统计数据

▪ The statistics is widely used in this kind of work.
统计学在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the statistics in a safe place after use.
用后请把统计学放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the statistics to the entrance of the building.
团队把统计学搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable statistics at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的统计学。

statue/ˈstætʃuː/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

雕像、塑像

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 雕像、塑像

▪ The statue is widely used in this kind of work.
雕像在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the statue in a safe place after use.
用后请把雕像放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the statue to the entrance of the building.
团队把雕像搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable statue at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的雕像。

stature/ˈstætʃər/B
sist/sta/stat

身高、身材;声望、高度

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 身高、身材;声望、高度

▪ The stature is widely used in this kind of work.
身高在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the stature in a safe place after use.
用后请把身高放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the stature to the entrance of the building.
团队把身高搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable stature at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的身高。

status/ˈsteɪtəs/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

地位、身份;状态、情况

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 地位、身份;状态、情况

▪ The status is widely used in this kind of work.
地位在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the status in a safe place after use.
用后请把地位放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the status to the entrance of the building.
团队把地位搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable status at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的地位。

statute/ˈstætʃuːt/B
sist/sta/stat

成文法、法令;章程

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 成文法、法令;章程

▪ The statute is widely used in this kind of work.
成文法在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the statute in a safe place after use.
用后请把成文法放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the statute to the entrance of the building.
团队把成文法搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable statute at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的成文法。

statutory/ˈstætʃətɔːri/B
sist/sta/stat

法定的、成文法的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 法定的、成文法的

▪ The new rule will be statutory for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是法定的。

▪ They considered the plan statutory after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是法定的。

▪ The manager gave a statutory answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个法定的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be statutory before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是法定的的。

constituent/kənˈstɪtʃuənt/B
sist/sta/stat

成分;选民;adj. 构成的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 成分;选民;adj. 构成的

▪ The constituent is widely used in this kind of work.
成分在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the constituent in a safe place after use.
用后请把成分放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the constituent to the entrance of the building.
团队把成分搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable constituent at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的成分。

constitutional/ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃənl/A
sist/sta/stat

宪法的;体质的;n. 保健散步

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 宪法的;体质的;n. 保健散步

▪ The new rule will be constitutional for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是宪法的。

▪ They considered the plan constitutional after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是宪法的。

▪ The manager gave a constitutional answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个宪法的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be constitutional before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是宪法的的。

destitute/ˈdestətuːt/B
sist/sta/stat

赤贫的、一无所有的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 赤贫的、一无所有的

▪ The new rule will be destitute for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是赤贫的。

▪ They considered the plan destitute after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是赤贫的。

▪ The manager gave a destitute answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个赤贫的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be destitute before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是赤贫的的。

institutional/ˌɪnstəˈtuːʃənl/A
sist/sta/stat

机构的、制度的;养老院式的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 机构的、制度的;养老院式的

▪ The new rule will be institutional for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是机构的。

▪ They considered the plan institutional after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是机构的。

▪ The manager gave a institutional answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个机构的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be institutional before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是机构的的。

prostitute/ˈprɑːstətuːt/B
sist/sta/stat

娼妓;v. 出卖(名誉/才能)

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 娼妓;v. 出卖(名誉/才能)

▪ The prostitute is widely used in this kind of work.
娼妓在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the prostitute in a safe place after use.
用后请把娼妓放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the prostitute to the entrance of the building.
团队把娼妓搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable prostitute at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的娼妓。

substitute/ˈsʌbstətuːt/A
sist/sta/stat

代替;n. 替代者/物

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 代替;n. 替代者/物

▪ The substitute is widely used in this kind of work.
代替在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the substitute in a safe place after use.
用后请把代替放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the substitute to the entrance of the building.
团队把代替搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable substitute at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的代替。

substitution/ˌsʌbstəˈtuːʃn/A
sist/sta/stat

代替、替换

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 代替、替换

▪ The whole substitution took several hours to complete.
整个代替过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper substitution is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的代替至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of substitution with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了代替的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the substitution.
经理就代替写了一份清晰的报告。

superstition/ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃn/B
sist/sta/stat

迷信

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 迷信

▪ The superstition arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位迷信比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained superstition knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的迷信知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced superstition for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的迷信。

▪ The superstition answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,迷信回答了记者的提问。

superstitious/ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃəs/C
sist/sta/stat

迷信的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 迷信的

▪ The new rule will be superstitious for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是迷信的。

▪ They considered the plan superstitious after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是迷信的。

▪ The manager gave a superstitious answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个迷信的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be superstitious before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是迷信的的。

circumstance/ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

情况、环境;境况

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 情况、环境;境况

▪ The whole circumstance took several hours to complete.
整个情况过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper circumstance is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的情况至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of circumstance with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了情况的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the circumstance.
经理就情况写了一份清晰的报告。

contrast/ˈkɑːntræst/ n.;/kənˈtræst/ v.S 核心
sist/sta/stat

对比、对照

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 对比、对照

▪ The contrast is widely used in this kind of work.
对比在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the contrast in a safe place after use.
用后请把对比放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the contrast to the entrance of the building.
团队把对比搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable contrast at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的对比。

destination/ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

目的地、终点

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

副 目的地、终点

▪ The team destination finished the task before the deadline.
团队在截止日前目的地完成了任务。

▪ She destination checked the results and then signed the form.
她目的地核对了结果,然后签了表。

▪ The rules were destination changed at the start of the year.
这些规则在年初被目的地修改了。

▪ He spoke destination so that everyone could understand.
他目的地发言,好让每个人都听懂。

destiny/ˈdestəni/B
sist/sta/stat

命运、天命

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 命运、天命

▪ The destiny is widely used in this kind of work.
命运在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the destiny in a safe place after use.
用后请把命运放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the destiny to the entrance of the building.
团队把命运搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable destiny at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的命运。

distant/ˈdɪstənt/A
sist/sta/stat

遥远的;疏远的、冷淡的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 遥远的;疏远的、冷淡的

▪ The new rule will be distant for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是遥远的。

▪ They considered the plan distant after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是遥远的。

▪ The manager gave a distant answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个遥远的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be distant before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是遥远的的。

instance/ˈɪnstəns/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

例子、实例;场合

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 例子、实例;场合

▪ The whole instance took several hours to complete.
整个例子过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper instance is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的例子至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of instance with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了例子的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the instance.
经理就例子写了一份清晰的报告。

instantaneous/ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəs/B
sist/sta/stat

瞬间的、即刻发生的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 瞬间的、即刻发生的

▪ The new rule will be instantaneous for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是瞬间的。

▪ They considered the plan instantaneous after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是瞬间的。

▪ The manager gave a instantaneous answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个瞬间的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be instantaneous before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是瞬间的的。

instantly/ˈɪnstəntli/A
sist/sta/stat

立即、马上

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

副 立即、马上

▪ The team instantly finished the task before the deadline.
团队在截止日前立即完成了任务。

▪ She instantly checked the results and then signed the form.
她立即核对了结果,然后签了表。

▪ The rules were instantly changed at the start of the year.
这些规则在年初被立即修改了。

▪ He spoke instantly so that everyone could understand.
他立即发言,好让每个人都听懂。

obstacle/ˈɑːbstəkl/A
sist/sta/stat

障碍(物)、阻碍

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 障碍(物)、阻碍

▪ The obstacle is widely used in this kind of work.
障碍在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the obstacle in a safe place after use.
用后请把障碍放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the obstacle to the entrance of the building.
团队把障碍搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable obstacle at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的障碍。

obstinate/ˈɑːbstənət/B
sist/sta/stat

固执的、顽固的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 固执的、顽固的

▪ The new rule will be obstinate for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是固执的。

▪ They considered the plan obstinate after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是固执的。

▪ The manager gave a obstinate answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个固执的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be obstinate before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是固执的的。

stance/stæns/A
sist/sta/stat

站姿;立场、态度

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 站姿;立场、态度

▪ The whole stance took several hours to complete.
整个站姿过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper stance is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的站姿至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of stance with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了站姿的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the stance.
经理就站姿写了一份清晰的报告。

substance/ˈsʌbstəns/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

物质;实质;要旨;财力

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 物质;实质;要旨;财力

▪ The whole substance took several hours to complete.
整个物质过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper substance is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的物质至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of substance with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了物质的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the substance.
经理就物质写了一份清晰的报告。

substantial/səbˈstænʃəl/A
sist/sta/stat

大量的;结实的;实质性的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 大量的;结实的;实质性的

▪ The new rule will be substantial for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是大量的。

▪ They considered the plan substantial after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是大量的。

▪ The manager gave a substantial answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个大量的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be substantial before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是大量的的。

apostasy/əˈpɑːstəsi/B
sist/sta/stat

叛教、变节、背弃信仰

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 叛教、变节、背弃信仰

▪ The apostasy is widely used in this kind of work.
叛教在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the apostasy in a safe place after use.
用后请把叛教放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the apostasy to the entrance of the building.
团队把叛教搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable apostasy at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的叛教。

apostate/əˈpɑːsteɪt/B
sist/sta/stat

叛教者、变节者;adj. 叛教的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 叛教者、变节者;adj. 叛教的

▪ The apostate arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位叛教者比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained apostate knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的叛教者知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced apostate for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的叛教者。

▪ The apostate answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,叛教者回答了记者的提问。

ecosystem/ˈiːkoʊˌsɪstəm/B
sist/sta/stat

生态系统;(行业)生态

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 生态系统;(行业)生态

▪ The ecosystem is widely used in this kind of work.
生态系统在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the ecosystem in a safe place after use.
用后请把生态系统放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the ecosystem to the entrance of the building.
团队把生态系统搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable ecosystem at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的生态系统。

ecstasy/ˈekstəsi/B
sist/sta/stat

狂喜、出神、销魂

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 狂喜、出神、销魂

▪ The ecstasy is widely used in this kind of work.
狂喜在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the ecstasy in a safe place after use.
用后请把狂喜放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the ecstasy to the entrance of the building.
团队把狂喜搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable ecstasy at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的狂喜。

ecstatic/ekˈstætɪk/B
sist/sta/stat

狂喜的、出神的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 狂喜的、出神的

▪ The new rule will be ecstatic for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是狂喜的。

▪ They considered the plan ecstatic after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是狂喜的。

▪ The manager gave a ecstatic answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个狂喜的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be ecstatic before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是狂喜的的。

establish/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

建立、设立;确立;证实

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 建立、设立;确立;证实

▪ The new rule will be establish for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是建立。

▪ They considered the plan establish after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是建立。

▪ The manager gave a establish answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个建立的答复。

▪ Every solution must be establish before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是建立的。

establishment/ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/A
sist/sta/stat

建立;机构、建制;(the E-)当权派

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 建立;机构、建制;(the E-)当权派

▪ The whole establishment took several hours to complete.
整个建立过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper establishment is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的建立至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of establishment with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了建立的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the establishment.
经理就建立写了一份清晰的报告。

installation/ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃn/A
sist/sta/stat

安装;就职;装置、设施

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 安装;就职;装置、设施

▪ The whole installation took several hours to complete.
整个安装过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper installation is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的安装至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of installation with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了安装的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the installation.
经理就安装写了一份清晰的报告。

installment/ɪnˈstɔːlmənt/B
sist/sta/stat

分期付款的一期;(连载的)一集

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 分期付款的一期;(连载的)一集

▪ The whole installment took several hours to complete.
整个分期付款的一期过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper installment is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的分期付款的一期至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of installment with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了分期付款的一期的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the installment.
经理就分期付款的一期写了一份清晰的报告。

prostate/ˈprɑːsteɪt/B
sist/sta/stat

前列腺

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

动 前列腺

▪ The manager decided to prostate the problem before the meeting.
经理决定在会前前列腺这个问题。

▪ She will prostate the task after the new plan is ready.
新计划准备好后她会去前列腺这项任务。

▪ They need to prostate the materials before the class begins.
上课前他们需要前列腺这些材料。

▪ Nobody expected him to prostate the plan so quickly.
没人料到他这么快就前列腺了计划。

stability/stəˈbɪləti/A
sist/sta/stat

稳定(性)、稳固

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 稳定(性)、稳固

▪ The whole stability took several hours to complete.
整个稳定过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper stability is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的稳定至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of stability with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了稳定的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the stability.
经理就稳定写了一份清晰的报告。

stabilize/ˈsteɪbəlaɪz/A
sist/sta/stat

使稳定、使稳固

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

动 使稳定、使稳固

▪ The manager decided to stabilize the problem before the meeting.
经理决定在会前使稳定这个问题。

▪ She will stabilize the task after the new plan is ready.
新计划准备好后她会去使稳定这项任务。

▪ They need to stabilize the materials before the class begins.
上课前他们需要使稳定这些材料。

▪ Nobody expected him to stabilize the plan so quickly.
没人料到他这么快就使稳定了计划。

stable/ˈsteɪbl/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

稳定的、牢固的;n. 马厩

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 稳定的、牢固的;n. 马厩

▪ The new rule will be stable for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是稳定的。

▪ They considered the plan stable after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是稳定的。

▪ The manager gave a stable answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个稳定的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be stable before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是稳定的的。

stamina/ˈstæmənə/B
sist/sta/stat

耐力、持久力

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 耐力、持久力

▪ The stamina is widely used in this kind of work.
耐力在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the stamina in a safe place after use.
用后请把耐力放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the stamina to the entrance of the building.
团队把耐力搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable stamina at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的耐力。

stanza/ˈstænzə/B
sist/sta/stat

诗的)节、段

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 诗的)节、段

▪ The stanza is widely used in this kind of work.
节在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the stanza in a safe place after use.
用后请把节放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the stanza to the entrance of the building.
团队把节搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable stanza at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的节。

system/ˈsɪstəm/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

系统、体系;制度;身体

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 系统、体系;制度;身体

▪ The system is widely used in this kind of work.
系统在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the system in a safe place after use.
用后请把系统放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the system to the entrance of the building.
团队把系统搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable system at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的系统。

systematic/ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk/A
sist/sta/stat

系统的、有条理的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 系统的、有条理的

▪ The new rule will be systematic for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是系统的。

▪ They considered the plan systematic after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是系统的。

▪ The manager gave a systematic answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个系统的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be systematic before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是系统的的。

unstable/ʌnˈsteɪbəl/B
sist/sta/stat

不稳定的、易变的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 不稳定的、易变的

▪ The new rule will be unstable for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是不稳定的。

▪ They considered the plan unstable after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是不稳定的。

▪ The manager gave a unstable answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个不稳定的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be unstable before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是不稳定的的。

arrest/əˈrest/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

逮捕;阻止、中止

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 逮捕;阻止、中止

▪ The arrest is widely used in this kind of work.
逮捕在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the arrest in a safe place after use.
用后请把逮捕放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the arrest to the entrance of the building.
团队把逮捕搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable arrest at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的逮捕。

misunderstanding/ˌmɪsʌndərˈstændɪŋ/C
sist/sta/stat

误解、误会;分歧

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 误解、误会;分歧

▪ The whole misunderstanding took several hours to complete.
整个误解过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper misunderstanding is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的误解至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of misunderstanding with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了误解的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the misunderstanding.
经理就误解写了一份清晰的报告。

rest/rest/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

休息;剩余(部分);支撑、搁

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 休息;剩余(部分);支撑、搁

▪ The rest is widely used in this kind of work.
休息在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the rest in a safe place after use.
用后请把休息放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the rest to the entrance of the building.
团队把休息搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable rest at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的休息。

stay/steɪ/S 核心
sist/sta/stat

停留、逗留;保持;n. 停留

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 停留、逗留;保持;n. 停留

▪ The stay is widely used in this kind of work.
停留在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the stay in a safe place after use.
用后请把停留放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the stay to the entrance of the building.
团队把停留搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable stay at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的停留。

astasia/əˈsteɪzɪə/B
a
sta
s
ia

不能站立

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:a + sta + s + ia

名 不能站立

▪ The astasia is widely used in this kind of work.
不能站立在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the astasia in a safe place after use.
用后请把不能站立放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the astasia to the entrance of the building.
团队把不能站立搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable astasia at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的不能站立。

astatic/əˈstætɪk/B
a
sta
t
ic

位置或方向不稳定的;(物理)无定向的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:a + sta + t + ic

形 位置或方向不稳定的;(物理)无定向的

▪ The new rule will be astatic for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是位置或方向不稳定的。

▪ They considered the plan astatic after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是位置或方向不稳定的。

▪ The manager gave a astatic answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个位置或方向不稳定的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be astatic before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是位置或方向不稳定的的。

circumstantial/ˌsɜːkəmˈstænʃl/B
circumstanti
al

(证据)间接,佐证的;详尽的,充满细节的;视情况而定的,与特定情况相关的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:circumstanti + al

形 (证据)间接,佐证的;详尽的,充满细节的;视情况而定的,与特定情况相关的

▪ The new rule will be circumstantial for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是间接。

▪ They considered the plan circumstantial after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是间接。

▪ The manager gave a circumstantial answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个间接的答复。

▪ Every solution must be circumstantial before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是间接的。

circumstantiate/ˌsɜːkəmˈstænʃɪeɪt/B
circumstanti
ate

详细说明,详细证实

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:circumstanti + ate

动 详细说明,详细证实

▪ The manager decided to circumstantiate the problem before the meeting.
经理决定在会前详细说明这个问题。

▪ She will circumstantiate the task after the new plan is ready.
新计划准备好后她会去详细说明这项任务。

▪ They need to circumstantiate the materials before the class begins.
上课前他们需要详细说明这些材料。

▪ Nobody expected him to circumstantiate the plan so quickly.
没人料到他这么快就详细说明了计划。

constituency/kənˈstɪtʃuənsi/A
constitu
ency

选区,选区全体选民;全体支持者,支持阵营

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:constitu + ency

名 选区,选区全体选民;全体支持者,支持阵营

▪ The constituency is widely used in this kind of work.
选区在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the constituency in a safe place after use.
用后请把选区放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the constituency to the entrance of the building.
团队把选区搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable constituency at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的选区。

existentɪɡˈzɪstəntB
exist
ent

存在的,现存的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:exist + ent

形 存在的,现存的

▪ The new rule will be existent for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是存在的。

▪ They considered the plan existent after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是存在的。

▪ The manager gave a existent answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个存在的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be existent before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是存在的的。

existentialˌeɡzɪˈstenʃlB
existenti
al

与存在相关的,关于人类存在的,存在主义的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:existenti + al

形 与存在相关的,关于人类存在的,存在主义的

▪ The new rule will be existential for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是与存在相关的。

▪ They considered the plan existential after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是与存在相关的。

▪ The manager gave a existential answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个与存在相关的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be existential before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是与存在相关的的。

existentialismˌeɡzɪˈstenʃəlɪzəmB
existential
ism

存在主义

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:existential + ism

名 存在主义

▪ The existentialism is widely used in this kind of work.
存在主义在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the existentialism in a safe place after use.
用后请把存在主义放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the existentialism to the entrance of the building.
团队把存在主义搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable existentialism at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的存在主义。

instantiation/ɪnstænʃɪˈeɪʃən/B
instantiat
ion

举例说明,例示,实例化

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:instantiat + ion

名 举例说明,例示,实例化

▪ The instantiation is widely used in this kind of work.
举例说明在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the instantiation in a safe place after use.
用后请把举例说明放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the instantiation to the entrance of the building.
团队把举例说明搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable instantiation at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的举例说明。

obstetric/əbˈstetrɪk/B
sist/sta/stat

产科的,分娩的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

形 产科的,分娩的

▪ The new rule will be obstetric for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是产科的。

▪ They considered the plan obstetric after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是产科的。

▪ The manager gave a obstetric answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个产科的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be obstetric before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是产科的的。

obstetrics/əbˈstetrɪks/B
sist/sta/stat

产科学,助产术

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 产科学,助产术

▪ The obstetrics is widely used in this kind of work.
产科学在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the obstetrics in a safe place after use.
用后请把产科学放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the obstetrics to the entrance of the building.
团队把产科学搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable obstetrics at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的产科学。

oust/aʊst/B
sist/sta/stat

剥夺,罢免,撤职,驱逐

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

动 剥夺,罢免,撤职,驱逐

▪ The manager decided to oust the problem before the meeting.
经理决定在会前剥夺这个问题。

▪ She will oust the task after the new plan is ready.
新计划准备好后她会去剥夺这项任务。

▪ They need to oust the materials before the class begins.
上课前他们需要剥夺这些材料。

▪ Nobody expected him to oust the plan so quickly.
没人料到他这么快就剥夺了计划。

presentation/ˌpreznˈteɪʃn/S 核心
present
ation

提交,呈现,展示,陈述;赠送

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:present + ation

名 提交,呈现,展示,陈述;赠送

▪ The presentation is widely used in this kind of work.
提交在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the presentation in a safe place after use.
用后请把提交放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the presentation to the entrance of the building.
团队把提交搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable presentation at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的提交。

presenter/prɪˈzentə(r)/B
present
er

(电视和广播)节目主持人,引荐人,颁奖人

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:present + er

名 (电视和广播)节目主持人,引荐人,颁奖人

▪ The presenter arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位节目主持人比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained presenter knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的节目主持人知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced presenter for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的节目主持人。

▪ The presenter answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,节目主持人回答了记者的提问。

presently/ˈprezntli/A
present
ly

目前;不久

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:present + ly

副 目前;不久

▪ The team presently finished the task before the deadline.
团队在截止日前目前完成了任务。

▪ She presently checked the results and then signed the form.
她目前核对了结果,然后签了表。

▪ The rules were presently changed at the start of the year.
这些规则在年初被目前修改了。

▪ He spoke presently so that everyone could understand.
他目前发言,好让每个人都听懂。

reinstate/ˌriːɪnˈsteɪt/B
re
in
state

使复职,使恢复原状

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:re + in + state

动 使复职,使恢复原状

▪ The manager decided to reinstate the problem before the meeting.
经理决定在会前使复职这个问题。

▪ She will reinstate the task after the new plan is ready.
新计划准备好后她会去使复职这项任务。

▪ They need to reinstate the materials before the class begins.
上课前他们需要使复职这些材料。

▪ Nobody expected him to reinstate the plan so quickly.
没人料到他这么快就使复职了计划。

restitute/ˈrestɪˌtjuːt/B
re
stit
ute

恢复,使复原;归还,偿还

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:re + stit + ute

动 恢复,使复原;归还,偿还

▪ The manager decided to restitute the problem before the meeting.
经理决定在会前恢复这个问题。

▪ She will restitute the task after the new plan is ready.
新计划准备好后她会去恢复这项任务。

▪ They need to restitute the materials before the class begins.
上课前他们需要恢复这些材料。

▪ Nobody expected him to restitute the plan so quickly.
没人料到他这么快就恢复了计划。

steadily/ˈstedəli/A
steadi
ly

稳定地,稳固地

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:steadi + ly

副 稳定地,稳固地

▪ The team steadily finished the task before the deadline.
团队在截止日前稳定地完成了任务。

▪ She steadily checked the results and then signed the form.
她稳定地核对了结果,然后签了表。

▪ The rules were steadily changed at the start of the year.
这些规则在年初被稳定地修改了。

▪ He spoke steadily so that everyone could understand.
他稳定地发言,好让每个人都听懂。

substantiate/səbˈstænʃieɪt/B
substanti
ate

证实,证明

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:substanti + ate

动 证实,证明

▪ The manager decided to substantiate the problem before the meeting.
经理决定在会前证实这个问题。

▪ She will substantiate the task after the new plan is ready.
新计划准备好后她会去证实这项任务。

▪ They need to substantiate the materials before the class begins.
上课前他们需要证实这些材料。

▪ Nobody expected him to substantiate the plan so quickly.
没人料到他这么快就证实了计划。

substantive/səbˈstæntɪv/B
substanti

实质性的,重大的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:substanti

形 实质性的,重大的

▪ The new rule will be substantive for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是实质性的。

▪ They considered the plan substantive after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是实质性的。

▪ The manager gave a substantive answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个实质性的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be substantive before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是实质性的的。

constancy/ˈkɑːnstənsi/B
sist/sta/stat

稳定性;持久不变;始终如一

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 稳定性;持久不变;始终如一

▪ The whole constancy took several hours to complete.
整个稳定性过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper constancy is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的稳定性至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of constancy with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了稳定性的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the constancy.
经理就稳定性写了一份清晰的报告。

inconsistency/ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/B
in-
consistere

不一致;相矛盾

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:in- + consistere

名 不一致;相矛盾

▪ The whole inconsistency took several hours to complete.
整个不一致过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper inconsistency is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的不一致至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of inconsistency with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了不一致的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the inconsistency.
经理就不一致写了一份清晰的报告。

stabilization/ˌsteɪbələˈzeɪʃn/B
sist/sta/stat

稳定:使事物变得稳定或不可能改变的过程;使某人/某物稳定的过程

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 稳定:使事物变得稳定或不可能改变的过程;使某人/某物稳定的过程

▪ The whole stabilization took several hours to complete.
整个稳定:使事物变得稳定或不可能改变的过程过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper stabilization is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的稳定:使事物变得稳定或不可能改变的过程至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of stabilization with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了稳定:使事物变得稳定或不可能改变的过程的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the stabilization.
经理就稳定:使事物变得稳定或不可能改变的过程写了一份清晰的报告。

statistician/ˌstætɪˈstɪʃn/B
sist/sta/stat

统计学家;统计员

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:sist/sta/stat

名 统计学家;统计员

▪ The statistician arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位统计学家比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained statistician knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的统计学家知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced statistician for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的统计学家。

▪ The statistician answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,统计学家回答了记者的提问。

unconstitutional/ˌʌnˌkɑːnstɪˈtuːʃənl/B
un-
constituere

违背宪法的;违反宪章(或章程)的

拉丁词根 sist/sta/stat 派生:un- + constituere

形 违背宪法的;违反宪章(或章程)的

▪ The new rule will be unconstitutional for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是违背宪法的。

▪ They considered the plan unconstitutional after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是违背宪法的。

▪ The manager gave a unconstitutional answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个违背宪法的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be unconstitutional before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是违背宪法的的。

考辨与注意 NOTES & CAUTIONS

注意:stand 与 stāre 同根

英语本族 stand 与拉丁 stāre 同 PIE *sta-;是本族词,不是借拉丁。

exist 原是「立出」

existere=ex-「出」+sistere「立」,原指「立出来」→存在。

词源树 ETYMOLOGY TREE

PIE *sta-(to stand)
│
├─ 拉丁 stō · stāre · stetī · status(I)与 sistō · sistere(III 使立)
│  ├ stat-:stable · state · station · status · statue · stature
│  └ -sist-:insist · consist · exist · persist · resist · substance
├─ 希腊 histēmi(使立):system
└─ 日耳曼:英语 stand

证据与方法 EVIDENCE & METHOD

判定 sta-/stat-/-sist- 同族,三线同 PIE 是关键。

词形证据

sta-/stat-/-sist-

state/stable 用 stat-,insist/exist 用 -sist-。

音变证据

status→estat→state

经法语 -atus→-ate。

共时词族

闭环

本页词皆由 sta-+in-/ex-/re-/con- 生成。

*sta- 三语验证:拉丁 stāre、希腊 histēmi、日耳曼 stand 同根,是「站」最大的印欧对应组。

外围同源 EXTENDED COGNATES

N · 日耳曼 stand(站)

standan

英语本族 stand /stænd/(同 PIE *sta-)

G · 希腊 histēmi(使立)

sta-

system「并立」与 stāre 同根

一屏速记 · 121 词

assist/əˈsɪst/

动协助、帮助;到场

构as-+sist

例two nurses assisted the surgeon during the operation

assistance/əˈsɪstəns/

名帮助、援助

构as-+sist+-ance

例the old man needed assistance to cross the street

consist/kənˈsɪst/

动由…组成;在于;一致

构con-+sist

例the team consists of five researchers

constant/ˈkɑːnstənt/

形恒定的、不断的;忠诚的;n. 常量

构con-+st+-ant

例the constant noise gave me a headache

constitute/ˈkɑːnstətuːt/

动构成、组成;设立、任命

构con-+stitu+-te

例women constitute half of the workforce

constitution/ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃn/

名宪法;构成;体质

构con-+stitu+-tion

例the country adopted a new constitution in 1947

cost/kɔːst/

动花费;n. 成本、代价

构co-+st

例the new laptop cost him two thousand dollars

distance/ˈdɪstəns/

名距离;远处;疏远

构di-+st+-ance

例the hotel is within walking distance of the station

estate/ɪˈsteɪt/

名财产、遗产;庄园;地产

构e-+stat+-e。

例he left his entire estate to his granddaughter

exist/ɪɡˈzɪst/

动存在;生存、活着

构ex-+ist

例ghosts do not exist in the real world

insist/ɪnˈsɪst/

动坚持(要求/主张)

构in-+sist

例she insisted on paying for dinner

install/ɪnˈstɔːl/

动安装;任命、使就职

构in-+stall

例we installed a new air conditioner last week

instant/ˈɪnstənt/

形立即的;即食的;n. 瞬间

构in-+st+-ant

例the medicine gave instant relief

institute/ˈɪnstətuːt/

动建立、制定;n. 学会、学院、研究所

构in-+stitu+-te。

例the research institute was founded in 1960

institution/ˌɪnstəˈtuːʃn/

名机构;制度;设立;(口语)名人

构in-+stitu+-tion

例the bank is the oldest financial institution in the city

irresistible/ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbəl/

形无法抗拒的、极诱人的

构ir-+re-+sist+-ible

例the smell of fresh bread was irresistible

persist/pərˈsɪst/

动坚持不懈;持续、存留

构per-+sist

例if the pain persists, see a doctor

resist/rɪˈzɪst/

动抵抗、抵制;忍住

构re-+sist

例the window could not resist the force of the flood

restaurant/ˈrestərɑːnt/

名餐厅、饭馆

构restaur+-ant

例we ate dinner at a small Italian restaurant

stage/steɪdʒ/

名舞台;阶段;v. 上演、举办

构st+-age

例the actors walked onto the stage

stand/stænd/

动站立;忍受;n. 立场、摊位

构stand

例please stand when the judge enters

standard/ˈstændərd/

名标准、水准;旗帜;adj. 标准的

构stand+-ard

例the work meets the highest standard of quality

state/steɪt/

名状态;州;国家;v. 陈述

构stat+-e。

例the house was in a terrible state after the party

statement/ˈsteɪtmənt/

名陈述、声明;报表

构stat+-ment

例the company issued a statement denying the rumor

station/ˈsteɪʃn/

名车站;站、所;电视台;岗位;v. 驻扎

构stat+-ion

例we met at the railway station at noon

armistice/ˈɑːrməstəs/

名 停战、休战(协定)

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The armistice is widely used in this kind of work.

assistant/əˈsɪstənt/

名 助手;adj. 辅助的、副的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The assistant arrived at the office earlier than usual.

coexist/ˌkoʊɪɡˈzɪst/

名 共存、同时存在

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The coexist is widely used in this kind of work.

consistency/kənˈsɪstənsi/

名 一致性、连贯性;黏稠度

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole consistency took several hours to complete.

consistent/kənˈsɪstənt/

形 一致的、始终如一的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be consistent for everyone in the group.

desist/dɪˈzɪst/

动 停止、罢手

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The teacher asked the students to desist before the bell rang.

existence/ɪɡˈzɪstəns/

名 存在;生存、生活

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole existence took several hours to complete.

insistence/ɪnˈsɪstəns/

名 坚持、坚决主张

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole insistence took several hours to complete.

insistent/ɪnˈsɪstənt/

形 坚持的、执拗的;醒目的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be insistent for everyone in the group.

persistent/pərˈsɪstənt/

形 执着的;持续的、反复出现的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be persistent for everyone in the group.

resistance/rɪˈzɪstəns/

名 抵抗(力);电阻

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole resistance took several hours to complete.

resistant/rɪˈzɪstənt/

形 抵抗的、有抵抗力的;耐…的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be resistant for everyone in the group.

resistor/rɪˈzɪstər/

名 电阻器、电阻元件

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The resistor is widely used in this kind of work.

subsist/səbˈsɪst/

名 维持生计、勉强生存;存在

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The subsist arrived at the office earlier than usual.

subsistence/səbˈsɪstəns/

名 维持生计;最低生活(资料)

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The subsistence arrived at the office earlier than usual.

extant/ˈekstənt/

形 尚存的、现存的(尤指文献/物种)

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be extant for everyone in the group.

interstate/ˌɪntərˈsteɪt/

形 州际的;n. 州际公路

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be interstate for everyone in the group.

static/ˈstætɪk/

形 静止的、静态的;n. 静电(干扰)

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be static for everyone in the group.

stationary/ˈsteɪʃəneri/

形 静止的、固定的、不动的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be stationary for everyone in the group.

stationery/ˈsteɪʃəneri/

名 文具(总称);信笺

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The stationery is widely used in this kind of work.

statistical/stəˈtɪstɪkəl/

形 统计(学)的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be statistical for everyone in the group.

statistics/stəˈtɪstɪks/

名 统计学;统计数据

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The statistics is widely used in this kind of work.

statue/ˈstætʃuː/

名 雕像、塑像

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The statue is widely used in this kind of work.

stature/ˈstætʃər/

名 身高、身材;声望、高度

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The stature is widely used in this kind of work.

status/ˈsteɪtəs/

名 地位、身份;状态、情况

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The status is widely used in this kind of work.

statute/ˈstætʃuːt/

名 成文法、法令;章程

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The statute is widely used in this kind of work.

statutory/ˈstætʃətɔːri/

形 法定的、成文法的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be statutory for everyone in the group.

constituent/kənˈstɪtʃuənt/

名 成分;选民;adj. 构成的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The constituent is widely used in this kind of work.

constitutional/ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃənl/

形 宪法的;体质的;n. 保健散步

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be constitutional for everyone in the group.

destitute/ˈdestətuːt/

形 赤贫的、一无所有的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be destitute for everyone in the group.

institutional/ˌɪnstəˈtuːʃənl/

形 机构的、制度的;养老院式的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be institutional for everyone in the group.

prostitute/ˈprɑːstətuːt/

名 娼妓;v. 出卖(名誉/才能)

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The prostitute is widely used in this kind of work.

substitute/ˈsʌbstətuːt/

名 代替;n. 替代者/物

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The substitute is widely used in this kind of work.

substitution/ˌsʌbstəˈtuːʃn/

名 代替、替换

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole substitution took several hours to complete.

superstition/ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃn/

名 迷信

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The superstition arrived at the office earlier than usual.

superstitious/ˌsuːpərˈstɪʃəs/

形 迷信的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be superstitious for everyone in the group.

circumstance/ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

名 情况、环境;境况

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole circumstance took several hours to complete.

contrast/ˈkɑːntræst/ n.;/kənˈtræst/ v.

名 对比、对照

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The contrast is widely used in this kind of work.

destination/ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/

副 目的地、终点

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The team destination finished the task before the deadline.

destiny/ˈdestəni/

名 命运、天命

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The destiny is widely used in this kind of work.

distant/ˈdɪstənt/

形 遥远的;疏远的、冷淡的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be distant for everyone in the group.

instance/ˈɪnstəns/

名 例子、实例;场合

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole instance took several hours to complete.

instantaneous/ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəs/

形 瞬间的、即刻发生的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be instantaneous for everyone in the group.

instantly/ˈɪnstəntli/

副 立即、马上

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The team instantly finished the task before the deadline.

obstacle/ˈɑːbstəkl/

名 障碍(物)、阻碍

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The obstacle is widely used in this kind of work.

obstinate/ˈɑːbstənət/

形 固执的、顽固的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be obstinate for everyone in the group.

stance/stæns/

名 站姿;立场、态度

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole stance took several hours to complete.

substance/ˈsʌbstəns/

名 物质;实质;要旨;财力

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole substance took several hours to complete.

substantial/səbˈstænʃəl/

形 大量的;结实的;实质性的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be substantial for everyone in the group.

apostasy/əˈpɑːstəsi/

名 叛教、变节、背弃信仰

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The apostasy is widely used in this kind of work.

apostate/əˈpɑːsteɪt/

名 叛教者、变节者;adj. 叛教的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The apostate arrived at the office earlier than usual.

ecosystem/ˈiːkoʊˌsɪstəm/

名 生态系统;(行业)生态

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The ecosystem is widely used in this kind of work.

ecstasy/ˈekstəsi/

名 狂喜、出神、销魂

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The ecstasy is widely used in this kind of work.

ecstatic/ekˈstætɪk/

形 狂喜的、出神的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be ecstatic for everyone in the group.

establish/ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

形 建立、设立;确立;证实

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be establish for everyone in the group.

establishment/ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/

名 建立;机构、建制;(the E-)当权派

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole establishment took several hours to complete.

installation/ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃn/

名 安装;就职;装置、设施

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole installation took several hours to complete.

installment/ɪnˈstɔːlmənt/

名 分期付款的一期;(连载的)一集

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole installment took several hours to complete.

prostate/ˈprɑːsteɪt/

动 前列腺

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The manager decided to prostate the problem before the meeting.

stability/stəˈbɪləti/

名 稳定(性)、稳固

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole stability took several hours to complete.

stabilize/ˈsteɪbəlaɪz/

动 使稳定、使稳固

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The manager decided to stabilize the problem before the meeting.

stable/ˈsteɪbl/

形 稳定的、牢固的;n. 马厩

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be stable for everyone in the group.

stamina/ˈstæmənə/

名 耐力、持久力

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The stamina is widely used in this kind of work.

stanza/ˈstænzə/

名 诗的)节、段

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The stanza is widely used in this kind of work.

system/ˈsɪstəm/

名 系统、体系;制度;身体

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The system is widely used in this kind of work.

systematic/ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk/

形 系统的、有条理的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be systematic for everyone in the group.

unstable/ʌnˈsteɪbəl/

形 不稳定的、易变的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be unstable for everyone in the group.

arrest/əˈrest/

名 逮捕;阻止、中止

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The arrest is widely used in this kind of work.

misunderstanding/ˌmɪsʌndərˈstændɪŋ/

名 误解、误会;分歧

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole misunderstanding took several hours to complete.

rest/rest/

名 休息;剩余(部分);支撑、搁

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The rest is widely used in this kind of work.

stay/steɪ/

名 停留、逗留;保持;n. 停留

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The stay is widely used in this kind of work.

astasia/əˈsteɪzɪə/

名 不能站立

源a + sta + s + ia

构a + sta + s + ia

例The astasia is widely used in this kind of work.

astatic/əˈstætɪk/

形 位置或方向不稳定的;(物理)无定向的

源a + sta + t + ic

构a + sta + t + ic

例The new rule will be astatic for everyone in the group.

circumstantial/ˌsɜːkəmˈstænʃl/

形 (证据)间接,佐证的;详尽的,充满细节的;视情况而定的,与特定情况相关的

源circumstanti + al

构circumstanti + al

例The new rule will be circumstantial for everyone in the group.

circumstantiate/ˌsɜːkəmˈstænʃɪeɪt/

动 详细说明,详细证实

源circumstanti + ate

构circumstanti + ate

例The manager decided to circumstantiate the problem before the meeting.

constituency/kənˈstɪtʃuənsi/

名 选区,选区全体选民;全体支持者,支持阵营

源constitu + ency

构constitu + ency

例The constituency is widely used in this kind of work.

existentɪɡˈzɪstənt

形 存在的,现存的

源exist + ent

构exist + ent

例The new rule will be existent for everyone in the group.

existentialˌeɡzɪˈstenʃl

形 与存在相关的,关于人类存在的,存在主义的

源existenti + al

构existenti + al

例The new rule will be existential for everyone in the group.

existentialismˌeɡzɪˈstenʃəlɪzəm

名 存在主义

源existential + ism

构existential + ism

例The existentialism is widely used in this kind of work.

instantiation/ɪnstænʃɪˈeɪʃən/

名 举例说明,例示,实例化

源instantiat + ion

构instantiat + ion

例The instantiation is widely used in this kind of work.

obstetric/əbˈstetrɪk/

形 产科的,分娩的

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The new rule will be obstetric for everyone in the group.

obstetrics/əbˈstetrɪks/

名 产科学,助产术

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The obstetrics is widely used in this kind of work.

oust/aʊst/

动 剥夺,罢免,撤职,驱逐

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The manager decided to oust the problem before the meeting.

presentation/ˌpreznˈteɪʃn/

名 提交,呈现,展示,陈述;赠送

源present + ation

构present + ation

例The presentation is widely used in this kind of work.

presenter/prɪˈzentə(r)/

名 (电视和广播)节目主持人,引荐人,颁奖人

源present + er

构present + er

例The presenter arrived at the office earlier than usual.

presently/ˈprezntli/

副 目前;不久

源present + ly

构present + ly

例The team presently finished the task before the deadline.

reinstate/ˌriːɪnˈsteɪt/

动 使复职,使恢复原状

源re + in + state

构re + in + state

例The manager decided to reinstate the problem before the meeting.

restitute/ˈrestɪˌtjuːt/

动 恢复,使复原;归还,偿还

源re + stit + ute

构re + stit + ute

例The manager decided to restitute the problem before the meeting.

steadily/ˈstedəli/

副 稳定地,稳固地

源steadi + ly

构steadi + ly

例The team steadily finished the task before the deadline.

substantiate/səbˈstænʃieɪt/

动 证实,证明

源substanti + ate

构substanti + ate

例The manager decided to substantiate the problem before the meeting.

substantive/səbˈstæntɪv/

形 实质性的,重大的

源substanti

构substanti

例The new rule will be substantive for everyone in the group.

constancy/ˈkɑːnstənsi/

名 稳定性;持久不变;始终如一

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole constancy took several hours to complete.

inconsistency/ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/

名 不一致;相矛盾

源in- + consistere

构in- + consistere

例The whole inconsistency took several hours to complete.

stabilization/ˌsteɪbələˈzeɪʃn/

名 稳定:使事物变得稳定或不可能改变的过程;使某人/某物稳定的过程

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The whole stabilization took several hours to complete.

statistician/ˌstætɪˈstɪʃn/

名 统计学家;统计员

源sist/sta/stat

构sist/sta/stat

例The statistician arrived at the office earlier than usual.

unconstitutional/ˌʌnˌkɑːnstɪˈtuːʃənl/

形 违背宪法的;违反宪章(或章程)的

源un- + constituere

构un- + constituere

例The new rule will be unconstitutional for everyone in the group.

跨语族导航 NAVIGATION

sist/sta/stat 在日耳曼与希腊线都有本族对应。

本页 · L114 sist/sta/stat
G 篇待补 · histēmi(使立)
N 篇待补 · stand(*sta-)