LATIN ROOT · L117 · 拉丁字根
solv / solut松开 · 溶解
PIE root *se- + *leu-「to loosen」
同源词跨语言对照 COGNATES ACROSS LANGUAGES
solvere 是第三变位动词「松开」;完成分词 solūtus 给 solution/dissolve/resolve。
*se-+*leu- → Latin solvere「to loosen」,分词 solūtus
solvere / solūt-
solve · solution · dissolve · resolve · absolve · solvent(详见本页)
无同形希腊借词
—
希腊「松」另属
日耳曼无此根本族词
—
英语本族 loose 另属 *leu-
solvere 的完成 solvī、分词 solūtus(-t-);dissolvère「松开分开」→dissolve。
词根的三词干 THREE STEMS OF THE LATIN VERB
solvere 是第三变位动词,三词干;英语借词多取分词词干 solūt- 与现在词干 -solve。
PRESENT 现在词干
solv-
solvō / solvere|第三变位
solve · dissolve · resolve · absolve
PERFECT 完成词干
solv-
solvī|无元音变化
拉丁完成:solvī「我松开了」
PARTICIPLE 分词词干
solūt-
solūtus|完成分词 -ūtus(-t-)
solution · soluble · dissolute · resolute
音变小注 SOUND CHANGES
从拉丁 solvere/solūtus 到现代英语各词,关键形态—语音调整。
①solvere→solve
拉丁 solvere→solve /sɑːlv/。
②solūtiō→solution
拉丁 solūtiō→solution /səˈluːʃn/。
③dis-+solvere
dissolvere→dissolve /dɪˈzɑːlv/。
④re-+solvere
resolvere→resolve /rɪˈzɑːlv/。
形态纵深 MORPHOLOGY
solvō 是第三变位动词;分词 solūtus 是借入点;复合 dis-/re-/ab-/ē-。
现在 1sg
solvō
我松开
现在不定式
solvere
to loosen
完成 1sg
solvī
我松了
目的分词
solūtum
分词词干 solūt-
现在时变位 · 第三变位(连接元音 -e-/-i-/-u-)
| 人称 | 主动 | 词结构 | 义 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 sg | solvō | solv-ō | 我松 |
| 2 sg | solvis | solv-is | 你松 |
| 3 sg | solvit | solv-it | 他松 |
| 1 pl | solvimus | solv-imus | 我们松 |
| 3 pl | solvunt | solv-unt | 他们松 |
入英路径 · 拉丁 → 古法语 → 英语
| 英语词 | 拉丁 | 古法语 | 入英年代 |
|---|---|---|---|
| solve | solvere | — | 15 世纪(书面) |
| dissolve | dissolvere | dissoudre | 14 世纪 |
| resolve | resolvere | resoudre | 14 世纪 |
| solution | solūtiō | solution | 14 世纪 |
三个关键事实:① dissolve=dis-「分」+solvere「松开」→溶解;② resolve=re-「回」+solvere「松开重定」→决心/解决;③ absolve=ab-「离」+solvere「松开」→赦免。
语义地图 SEMANTIC MAP
solvere 核心是「松开」,向「溶解」「解决」「赦免」引申。
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离开;solūtus 松开的
拉丁 absolūtus「loosened, free, unrestricted, complete 松开的、不受约束的、完全的」(absolvere 的过去分词)=ab-+solvere。
形 绝对的、完全的;专制的;确定无疑的
▪ She has absolute trust in her partner.
她对伴侣绝对信任。
▪ The king held absolute power over the land.
国王对这片土地拥有绝对权力。
▪ There is no absolute truth in such matters.
这类事情没有绝对的真理。
▪ The noise was absolute silence compared to before.
和之前相比,现在安静极了。
离开;松开
absolute(绝对的)+-ly(副词后缀)。
副 绝对地、完全地;(口语)正是、当然
▪ The movie was absolutely wonderful.
这部电影简直太棒了。
▪ You are absolutely right about the timing.
关于时间,你说得完全对。
▪ I absolutely refuse to lie to my parents.
我绝对不对父母撒谎。
▪ The rules are absolutely clear to everyone.
规则对每个人都再清楚不过。
离开,b 在 s 前同化为 abs-;松开
拉丁 absolvere「to set free, acquit, complete 释放、宣告无罪、完成」=ab-(away 离开)+solvere「松开」。
动 赦免(罪责)、免除(义务/责任)
衍
absolution n 赦免,赦罪
▪ The court absolved him of all charges.
法庭宣判他无罪,免除一切指控。
▪ The priest absolved the sinner.
神父赦免了罪人的罪过。
▪ Nothing can absolve him of his duty.
没有什么能免除他的责任。
▪ She felt absolved after a sincere apology.
真诚道歉后,她感到如释重负。
分开;松开
拉丁 dissolvere「to loosen up, break apart 解开、拆散」=dis-(apart 分开)+solvere「松开」。
动 溶解;解散(议会/婚姻);消散
衍
dissoluble adj 可溶解的,可解除的 dissolute adj 放荡的,放纵的 dissolutely adv 放荡地 dissoluteness n 放荡,放纵 dissolution n 解散,解体,溶解
▪ dissolve the sugar in warm water.
把糖溶解在温水里。
▪ The parliament was dissolved before the election.
选举前议会被解散了。
▪ Her courage dissolved in the face of danger.
面对危险,她的勇气烟消云散。
▪ They dissolved their marriage after ten years.
十年后他们解除了婚姻关系。
再;彻底
拉丁 resolvere「to unfasten, loosen, explain 解开、松解、解释」=re-(加强/回)+solvere「松开」。
动 解决(争端/问题) 名 下定决心 名 作出决议 名 n. 决心
衍
unresolvable adj 无法解决的 unresolved adj 未解决的
▪ The two sides resolved their dispute through talks.
双方通过谈判解决了争端。
▪ She resolved to get up at six every day.
她下定决心每天六点起床。
▪ The board resolved to raise the budget.
董事会决议提高预算。
▪ His resolve never weakened despite the pain.
尽管痛苦,他的决心从未动摇。
solūtus 松开的;-tiō 行为
古法语 solution<拉丁 solūtiō(n-)「a loosening, solution, explanation 松解、解答」<solūtus(solvere 的过去分词)。
名 解决(办法)、答案;溶液;溶解
衍
solute n 溶质 solvation n 溶剂化
▪ There is no easy solution to the traffic problem.
交通问题没有简单的解决办法。
▪ We boiled a salt solution for the experiment.
我们为实验煮沸了一份盐溶液。
▪ The chemist tested the solution for acidity.
化学家检测溶液的酸度。
▪ Peaceful solutions are always preferable.
和平解决总是更可取。
solvere 松开;词尾
拉丁 solvere「to loosen, untie, release, explain 松开、解开、释放、解释」=sē-(反身 *s(w)e- 自己)+luere「松开」(PIE *leu-)。
动 解决、解答;溶解
衍
unsolvable adj 无法解决的 unsolved adj 未解决的,未破案的
▪ The detective solved the case in a week.
侦探一周就破了案。
▪ We cannot solve every problem overnight.
我们无法一夜之间解决所有问题。
▪ Help me solve this math puzzle.
帮我解开这道数学谜题。
▪ Detergent helps solve the grease in the pan.
洗涤剂有助于溶解锅里的油污。
solvere 松开;清偿
拉丁 solventem(solvere 的现在分词)「loosening, paying 松解的、偿付的」<solvere。
名 溶剂;adj. 有偿付能力的
衍
solvency n 偿付能力 insolvent adj/n 无力偿债的,破产者 insolvency n 无力偿债,破产 insolvable adj 不能解决的,不可溶解的
▪ Acetone is a common industrial solvent.
丙酮是一种常见的工业溶剂。
▪ The firm stayed solvent through the recession.
这家公司在经济衰退期仍保持有偿付能力。
▪ Water is called the universal solvent.
水被称为万能溶剂。
▪ The company must remain solvent to pay its debts.
公司必须保持偿付能力才能还债。
离开;松开
拉丁 absolūtiō(n-)「acquittal, release 宣告无罪、释放」<absolvere「set free」。
名/( 罪责/义务的)赦免、宽恕;【宗】赦罪
▪ The priest granted him absolution.
神父给予他赦罪。
▪ He sought absolution for his past mistakes.
他为过去的过错寻求宽恕。
▪ The court offered absolution to the witness.
法庭免除了证人的责任。
▪ She felt a strange absolution after the confession.
忏悔之后她感到一种奇异的解脱。
分开;solūtus 松开的
拉丁 dissolūtus「loose, disconnected; careless, licentious 松散的、放纵的」(dissolvere 的过去分词)。
形 放荡的、放纵的、生活糜烂的
▪ The novel tells of a dissolute young heir.
小说讲的是一个放荡不羁的年轻继承人。
▪ His dissolute lifestyle ruined his health.
他糜烂的生活方式毁了健康。
▪ They led a dissolute life in the city.
他们在城市里过着放纵的生活。
▪ The reformer condemned dissolute habits.
这位改革者谴责放荡的习气。
分开;松开
古法语 dissolution<拉丁 dissolūtiō(n-)「a dissolving, breaking up」<dissolvere。
名 解散、解体;溶解;终结、消亡
▪ The dissolution of the empire took decades.
帝国的解体经历了数十年。
▪ Heat speeds the dissolution of the tablet.
加热会加快药片溶解。
▪ The treaty led to the dissolution of the alliance.
条约导致了联盟的解体。
▪ They filed for the dissolution of the firm.
他们申请解散公司。
不;可溶
in-(not)+拉丁 solūbilis「可溶解的」(<solvere)。
形 不可溶的;无法解决的
▪ Sand is insoluble in water.
沙不溶于水。
▪ The detectives faced an apparently insoluble case.
侦探们面对一桩似乎无解的案子。
▪ The conflict seemed insoluble at first.
起初这场冲突似乎无法解决。
▪ Fat is insoluble in cold water.
脂肪在冷水中不溶解。
彻底;solūtus 松开的
拉丁 resolūtus「loosened, relaxed; determined」(resolvere 的过去分词),英语取「拿定主意」义。
形 坚决的、果断的、坚定的
衍
resolution n 决心,决议,解决,分辨率 irresolute adj 优柔寡断的 irresolutely adv 优柔寡断地 irresolution n 优柔寡断
▪ She remained resolute despite the warnings.
尽管有种种警告,她仍坚定不移。
▪ The soldiers were resolute in their defense.
士兵们坚定地守卫。
▪ He gave a resolute nod and marched on.
他果断地点了点头,继续前进。
▪ We need resolute action, not more talk.
我们需要坚决的行动,而不是空谈。
彻底;松开
resolute(坚决的)+-ly(副词后缀)。
副 坚决地、果断地
▪ She refused resolutely to give in.
她坚决拒绝让步。
▪ He resolutely defended his principles.
他坚定地捍卫自己的原则。
▪ They resolutely opposed the new law.
他们坚决反对新法律。
▪ She resolutely walked toward the stage.
她毅然走向舞台。
彻底;松开
拉丁 resolūtiō(n-)「a loosening, solution, reducing 松解、分解、解答」<resolvere。
名 决心;正式决议;解决;分辨率;清晰度
▪ He made a New Year resolution to exercise more.
他下了新年决心要多锻炼。
▪ The UN passed a resolution calling for peace.
联合国通过了一项呼吁和平的决议。
▪ The resolution of the crisis took months.
危机的解决花了好几个月。
▪ The monitor has a high screen resolution.
这台显示器的屏幕分辨率很高。
彻底;松开
resolve(决心)的过去分词形容词化。
形 下定决心的、坚定的
▪ She was resolved to finish the race.
她下定决心跑完比赛。
▪ The issue is now resolved to the satisfaction of all.
问题现已解决,各方都满意。
▪ He stood resolved, waiting for the result.
他毅然站立,等待结果。
▪ They remained resolved despite heavy losses.
尽管损失惨重,他们仍意志坚定。
solūbilis 可溶的
古法语 soluble<拉丁 solūbilis「that can be loosened/dissolved 可松解、可溶解的」<solvere。
形 可溶的;可解决的
衍
solubility n 可溶性,溶解度 insoluble adj 不可溶的,无法解决的 insolubility n 不可溶性,难解
▪ Vitamin C is soluble in water.
维生素C可溶于水。
▪ The problem proved more soluble than expected.
这个问题比预想的更容易解决。
▪ Sugar is soluble in hot tea.
糖在热茶中会溶解。
▪ We need a soluble and fair answer.
我们需要一个可行而公平的答案。
松开;…者
solve(解决)+-er(施事后缀)。
名 解决者、解答者;解题程序
▪ She is a great solver of puzzles.
她特别擅长解谜题。
▪ Install the equation solver on your phone.
在手机上装一个方程求解程序。
▪ The team hired a problem solver.
团队聘请了一位解决问题的能手。
▪ A creative solver finds hidden shortcuts.
有创意的解题者能发现隐藏的捷径。
未;彻底
un-(not)+resolved(已解决的)。
形 未解决的、未化解的;未下决心的
▪ The dispute remains unresolved after years.
多年过去,争端仍未解决。
▪ She left the question unresolved in her mind.
她心里那个问题仍悬而未决。
▪ There are several unresolved issues on the list.
清单上还有几个未解决的问题。
▪ The murder case went unresolved for decades.
这桩谋杀案数十年未破。
未;松开
un-(not)+solved(solve 的过去分词)。
形 未解决的、未破案的
▪ The police closed the unsolved file.
警方把这起悬案归档了。
▪ Many mysteries of the deep sea remain unsolved.
深海的许多谜团仍未解开。
▪ He left the unsolved equation on the board.
他把未解的方程留在黑板上。
▪ The unsolved robbery still haunts the town.
那起未破的抢劫案仍困扰着小镇。
可溶解的、可解散的
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
形 可溶解的、可解散的
▪ The new rule will be dissolvable for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是可溶解的。
▪ They considered the plan dissolvable after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是可溶解的。
▪ The manager gave a dissolvable answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个可溶解的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be dissolvable before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是可溶解的的。
不能解决的、不可解释的(罕,多作 insoluble)
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
形 不能解决的、不可解释的(罕,多作 insoluble)
▪ The new rule will be insolvable for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是不能解决的。
▪ They considered the plan insolvable after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是不能解决的。
▪ The manager gave a insolvable answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个不能解决的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be insolvable before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是不能解决的的。
无力偿债、破产
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
名 无力偿债、破产
▪ The whole insolvency took several hours to complete.
整个无力偿债过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper insolvency is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的无力偿债至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of insolvency with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了无力偿债的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the insolvency.
经理就无力偿债写了一份清晰的报告。
无力偿债的、破产的;破产者
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
形 无力偿债的、破产的;破产者
▪ The new rule will be insolvent for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是无力偿债的。
▪ They considered the plan insolvent after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是无力偿债的。
▪ The manager gave a insolvent answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个无力偿债的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be insolvent before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是无力偿债的的。
可解决的、可化解的;【光学】可分辨的
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
形 可解决的、可化解的;【光学】可分辨的
▪ The new rule will be resolvable for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是可解决的。
▪ They considered the plan resolvable after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是可解决的。
▪ The manager gave a resolvable answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个可解决的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be resolvable before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是可解决的的。
可解决的、可解答的;可溶的
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
形 可解决的、可解答的;可溶的
▪ The new rule will be solvable for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是可解决的。
▪ They considered the plan solvable after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是可解决的。
▪ The manager gave a solvable answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个可解决的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be solvable before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是可解决的的。
化】溶剂化(溶质分子被溶剂分子结合的过程)
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
名 化】溶剂化(溶质分子被溶剂分子结合的过程)
▪ The whole solvation took several hours to complete.
整个化】溶剂化过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper solvation is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的化】溶剂化至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of solvation with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了化】溶剂化的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the solvation.
经理就化】溶剂化写了一份清晰的报告。
绝对性、完全;专制
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
名 绝对性、完全;专制
▪ The whole absoluteness took several hours to complete.
整个绝对性过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper absoluteness is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的绝对性至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of absoluteness with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了绝对性的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the absoluteness.
经理就绝对性写了一份清晰的报告。
专制政体、绝对主义;【哲】绝对论
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
名 专制政体、绝对主义;【哲】绝对论
▪ The whole absolutism took several hours to complete.
整个专制政体过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper absolutism is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的专制政体至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of absolutism with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了专制政体的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the absolutism.
经理就专制政体写了一份清晰的报告。
专制主义者(的)、绝对论者(的)
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
名 专制主义者(的)、绝对论者(的)
▪ The absolutist arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位专制主义者比平时更早到了办公室。
▪ A trained absolutist knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的专制主义者知道如何处理这类问题。
▪ They hired an experienced absolutist for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的专制主义者。
▪ The absolutist answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,专制主义者回答了记者的提问。
放荡地、放纵地
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
副 放荡地、放纵地
▪ The team dissolutely finished the task before the deadline.
团队在截止日前放荡地完成了任务。
▪ She dissolutely checked the results and then signed the form.
她放荡地核对了结果,然后签了表。
▪ The rules were dissolutely changed at the start of the year.
这些规则在年初被放荡地修改了。
▪ He spoke dissolutely so that everyone could understand.
他放荡地发言,好让每个人都听懂。
放荡、放纵、糜烂
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
名 放荡、放纵、糜烂
▪ The whole dissoluteness took several hours to complete.
整个放荡过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper dissoluteness is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的放荡至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of dissoluteness with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了放荡的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the dissoluteness.
经理就放荡写了一份清晰的报告。
不可分解的;牢不可破的、不可撤销的
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
形 不可分解的;牢不可破的、不可撤销的
▪ The new rule will be indissoluble for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是不可分解的。
▪ They considered the plan indissoluble after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是不可分解的。
▪ The manager gave a indissoluble answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个不可分解的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be indissoluble before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是不可分解的的。
不可溶性;难解
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
名 不可溶性;难解
▪ The whole insolubility took several hours to complete.
整个不可溶性过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper insolubility is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的不可溶性至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of insolubility with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了不可溶性的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the insolubility.
经理就不可溶性写了一份清晰的报告。
优柔寡断的、犹豫不决的、不坚定的
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
形 优柔寡断的、犹豫不决的、不坚定的
▪ The new rule will be irresolute for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是优柔寡断的。
▪ They considered the plan irresolute after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是优柔寡断的。
▪ The manager gave a irresolute answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个优柔寡断的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be irresolute before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是优柔寡断的的。
优柔寡断地、犹豫地
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
副 优柔寡断地、犹豫地
▪ The team irresolutely finished the task before the deadline.
团队在截止日前优柔寡断地完成了任务。
▪ She irresolutely checked the results and then signed the form.
她优柔寡断地核对了结果,然后签了表。
▪ The rules were irresolutely changed at the start of the year.
这些规则在年初被优柔寡断地修改了。
▪ He spoke irresolutely so that everyone could understand.
他优柔寡断地发言,好让每个人都听懂。
优柔寡断、犹豫不决
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
名 优柔寡断、犹豫不决
▪ The whole irresolution took several hours to complete.
整个优柔寡断过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper irresolution is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的优柔寡断至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of irresolution with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了优柔寡断的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the irresolution.
经理就优柔寡断写了一份清晰的报告。
坚定、果断、不动摇
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
名 坚定、果断、不动摇
▪ The whole resoluteness took several hours to complete.
整个坚定过程花了好几个小时才完成。
▪ Proper resoluteness is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的坚定至关重要。
▪ The team studied the process of resoluteness with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了坚定的过程。
▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the resoluteness.
经理就坚定写了一份清晰的报告。
松的、松散的、未系牢的;不严谨的;v. 松开、释放
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
形 松的、松散的、未系牢的;不严谨的;v. 松开、释放
▪ The new rule will be loose for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是松的。
▪ They considered the plan loose after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是松的。
▪ The manager gave a loose answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个松的的答复。
▪ Every solution must be loose before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是松的的。
失去、丢失;输掉;迷失
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:solv/solut
名 失去、丢失;输掉;迷失
▪ The lose is widely used in this kind of work.
失去在这类工作中被广泛使用。
▪ Please keep the lose in a safe place after use.
用后请把失去放在安全的地方。
▪ The team moved the lose to the entrance of the building.
团队把失去搬到了大楼入口。
▪ You can find a reliable lose at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的失去。
lun
ar
环月,绕月的
拉丁词根 solv/solut 派生:circum + lun + ar
形 环月,绕月的
▪ The new rule will be circumlunar for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是环月。
▪ They considered the plan circumlunar after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是环月。
▪ The manager gave a circumlunar answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个环月的答复。
▪ Every solution must be circumlunar before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是环月的。
考辨与注意 NOTES & CAUTIONS
resolution 双义
resolution 兼指「决心」与「解决/分辨率」,都来自 re-+solvere「松开重定」。
注意:dissolute 是「放荡」
dissolūtus=dis-+solvere「松开」,原指「生活放纵」→放荡。
词源树 ETYMOLOGY TREE
PIE *se- + *leu-(to loosen)
│
└─ 拉丁 solvō · solvere · solvī · solūtus(第三变位)
├ -solve:solve · dissolve · resolve · absolve
└ solūt-:solution · soluble · resolute · dissolute · solvent
证据与方法 EVIDENCE & METHOD
判定 solv-/solūt- 同族,复合词前缀是关键。
solv-/solūt-
solve/dissolve 用 -solve,solution 用 solūt-。
solūtus→solution
经法语 -ūtus→-ution。
闭环
本页词皆由 solv-+dis-/re-/ab- 生成。
外围同源 EXTENDED COGNATES
L · 拉丁 solvere(松)
solv-/solūt-
solve · dissolve · resolve · absolve · solution
N · 日耳曼 loose(松)
lausaz
英语本族 loose 与 solvere 同 *leu- 远亲
一屏速记 · 41 词
形绝对的、完全的;专制的;确定无疑的
构ab-+solut+-e。
例she has absolute trust in her partner
副绝对地、完全地;(口语)正是、当然
构ab-+solut+-ly
例the movie was absolutely wonderful
动赦免(罪责)、免除(义务/责任)
构ab-+solv+-e。
例the court absolved him of all charges
动溶解;解散(议会/婚姻);消散
构dis-+solv+-e。
例dissolve the sugar in warm water
动解决(争端/问题);名下定决心;名作出决议;名n. 决心
构re-+solv+-e。
例the two sides resolved their dispute through talks
名解决(办法)、答案;溶液;溶解
构solut+-ion
例there is no easy solution to the traffic problem
动解决、解答;溶解
构solv+-e
例the detective solved the case in a week
名溶剂;adj. 有偿付能力的
构solv+-ent
例acetone is a common industrial solvent
名/(罪责/义务的)赦免、宽恕;【宗】赦罪
构ab-+solut+-ion
例the priest granted him absolution
形放荡的、放纵的、生活糜烂的
构dis-+solut+-e。
例the novel tells of a dissolute young heir
名解散、解体;溶解;终结、消亡
构dis-+solut+-ion
例the dissolution of the empire took decades
形不可溶的;无法解决的
构in-+solub+-le
例sand is insoluble in water
形坚决的、果断的、坚定的
构re-+solut+-e。
例she remained resolute despite the warnings
副坚决地、果断地
构re-+solut+-ly
例she refused resolutely to give in
名决心;正式决议;解决;分辨率;清晰度
构re-+solut+-ion
例he made a New Year resolution to exercise more
形下定决心的、坚定的
构re-+solv+-ed
例she was resolved to finish the race
形可溶的;可解决的
构solub+-le
例vitamin C is soluble in water
名解决者、解答者;解题程序
构solv+-er
例she is a great solver of puzzles
形未解决的、未化解的;未下决心的
构un-+re-+solv+-ed。
例the dispute remains unresolved after years
形未解决的、未破案的
构un-+solv+-ed
例the police closed the unsolved file
形 可溶解的、可解散的
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The new rule will be dissolvable for everyone in the group.
形 不能解决的、不可解释的(罕,多作 insoluble)
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The new rule will be insolvable for everyone in the group.
名 无力偿债、破产
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The whole insolvency took several hours to complete.
形 无力偿债的、破产的;破产者
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The new rule will be insolvent for everyone in the group.
形 可解决的、可化解的;【光学】可分辨的
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The new rule will be resolvable for everyone in the group.
形 可解决的、可解答的;可溶的
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The new rule will be solvable for everyone in the group.
名 化】溶剂化(溶质分子被溶剂分子结合的过程)
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The whole solvation took several hours to complete.
名 绝对性、完全;专制
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The whole absoluteness took several hours to complete.
名 专制政体、绝对主义;【哲】绝对论
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The whole absolutism took several hours to complete.
名 专制主义者(的)、绝对论者(的)
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The absolutist arrived at the office earlier than usual.
副 放荡地、放纵地
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The team dissolutely finished the task before the deadline.
名 放荡、放纵、糜烂
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The whole dissoluteness took several hours to complete.
形 不可分解的;牢不可破的、不可撤销的
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The new rule will be indissoluble for everyone in the group.
名 不可溶性;难解
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The whole insolubility took several hours to complete.
形 优柔寡断的、犹豫不决的、不坚定的
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The new rule will be irresolute for everyone in the group.
副 优柔寡断地、犹豫地
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The team irresolutely finished the task before the deadline.
名 优柔寡断、犹豫不决
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The whole irresolution took several hours to complete.
名 坚定、果断、不动摇
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The whole resoluteness took several hours to complete.
形 松的、松散的、未系牢的;不严谨的;v. 松开、释放
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The new rule will be loose for everyone in the group.
名 失去、丢失;输掉;迷失
源solv/solut
构solv/solut
例The lose is widely used in this kind of work.
形 环月,绕月的
源circum + lun + ar
构circum + lun + ar
例The new rule will be circumlunar for everyone in the group.
跨语族导航 NAVIGATION
solv/solut 为拉丁本族根,无已确认独立 G/N 页。
G 篇待补 · —
N 篇待补 · loose(*leu-)

