拉丁字根 L046・lect

LATIN ROOT · L046 · 拉丁字根

leg / lig / lect挑选 · 采集 · 读

PIE root *leg- 「to gather, choose, read」

语源:拉丁借词(多经古法语)拉丁第三变位:legō · legere · lēgī · lēctus共时词族:20 词

同源词跨语言对照 COGNATES ACROSS LANGUAGES

同一个印欧「采集、挑选」根 *leg-,拉丁 legere 给现在词干 leg-、完成词干 lēg- 与分词词干 lēct-;英语词分挂三枝。

L · LATIN 拉丁(本根)

*leg- → Latin legere「to gather, choose, read」;分词 lēctus

legō / lēct-

collect · elect · select · lecture · legend · intelligent(详见本页)

G · GREEK 希腊

*leg- → Greek legein「to say, count」(λέγειν)

log-/leg-G 篇待补

希腊 logos「话语」;英语 logic 借自希腊(见 L049)

N · GERMANIC 日耳曼

日耳曼无 *leg- 的可靠继承

—N 篇待补

英语本族「读」用 read

「采集 → 读」的语义链:拉丁 legere 本义「挑选、采集」,抄写员「逐字采集字句」引申为「读」;希腊同根 legein「说」→ logos。

词根的三词干 THREE STEMS OF THE LATIN VERB

legere 第三变位;英语 collect/elect 等挂分词词干 lēct-,eligible/intelligent 挂弱化词干 leg-/lig-。

PRESENT 现在词干

leg-

legō, legere|第三变位

legend(legere 读)· legible · elegant · diligent · intelligent

PERFECT 完成词干

lēg-

lēgī|词根元音拉长

拉丁完成时:lēgī「我采了」

PARTICIPLE 分词词干

lect-

lēctum / lēctus|元音拉长 + -t-

collect · elect · select · lecture · neglect

音变小注 SOUND CHANGES

从拉丁 legere 到英语 leg-/lect-,四次关键的形态—语音调整。

①完成分词 -ct-

分词 lēctus 经古法读 /kt/→/tʃ/→/kt/;英语 collect/elect/select 保留 -ct-。

②g 在 e/i 前软化 /dʒ/

现在词干 leg- 在前元音前软化:legible /ˈledʒəbl/、legend、intelligent /-lɪdʒ-/。

③复合词弱化 leg-→lig-

在复合词非重读音节,leg-→lig-:eligible(ex-+leg-)· diligent(dis-+leg-)· negligent。

④-tiō→-tion

lectionem→collection · election · selection。

形态纵深 MORPHOLOGY

legere 第三变位,完成时 lēgī(元音拉长);英语双式:lect-(分词)与 leg-/lig-(现在/复合)。

现在 1sg

legō

我采集、读

现在不定式

legere

to gather, read

完成 1sg

lēgī

我采了

目的分词

lēctum

被采集(词干 lect-)

现在时变位 · 第三变位(连接元音 -i-)

人称 主动 词结构
1 sg legō leg-ō
2 sg legis leg-is
3 sg legit leg-it
1 pl legimus leg-imus
2 pl legitis leg-itis
3 pl legunt leg-unt

入英路径 · 拉丁 → 古法语 → 英语

英语词 拉丁 古法语 入英年代
collect colligere(分词 collectus) collecter 16 世纪
elect ēligere(分词 electus) elire 15 世纪
select seligere(selectus) — 16 世纪
lecture lectūra lecture 14 世纪

三个关键事实:① collect 用分词词干 lect-(col-+legere);② eligible 用弱化词干 lig-(ex-+leg-);③ intelligent = inter-+legere「在其间挑选」→ 理解力。

-ion拉丁 -tiō:collection · election · selection
-ible拉丁 -ibilis:legible · eligible · negligent
-ent拉丁 -entem:intelligent · diligent
-ure拉丁 -ūra:lecture

语义地图 SEMANTIC MAP

legere 核心是「采集、挑选」,由「挑出来」到「读字句」到「聪明辨识」多线引申。

采集、聚到一起

col-

→

收集

collect
挑出来

ē-

→

选出、选举

elect
从其中挑出

inter-

→

辨识力

intelligent

→

聪明

intelligence
不拣、忽视

neg-

→

忽视

neglect · negligent
逐字采读

抄写

→

读、朗读

lecture · legend
习语:collect oneself “镇定”· elect「选举」· select「挑选」· neglect「忽视」· legible「可读」。
collect/kəˈlɛkt/S 核心
col-lect

一起,com- 在 l 前同化 / 采到一起 → 收集。 / legere 采集,分词干

约1400年(动词)「聚集」,源自古法语 collecter 或拉丁语 collectus,colligere「集合、采集」(col-「一起」+legere「采集」)的过去分词;副词/形容词义「到付」约1600年。

动 收集 形 采集 副 收取 副 由收件人付款的

▪ She likes to collect old stamps.
她喜欢收集旧邮票。

▪ The volunteers collected food for the shelter.
志愿者们为收容所募捐食物。

▪ He spoke in a calm and collected voice.
他用镇定的语气说话。

▪ Please call collect from the hotel.
请从酒店打对方付费电话。

elect/ɪˈlɛkt/A
e-lect

ex- 出 / 挑出来 → 选举。 / legere 选,分词干

15世纪20年代动词「选任官职」,源自拉丁语 electus,eligere「挑出、选出」(e-「出」+legere「挑选」)的过去分词。

动 选举 形 推选 形 选定的 形 候任的

▪ The members elected a new chairperson.
成员们选举了一位新主席。

▪ She was elected to the city council.
她当选为市议会议员。

▪ The elected official promised lower taxes.
这位民选官员承诺降低税收。

▪ He is the president-elect, due to take office in January.
他是候任总统,将于一月就职。

elegant/ˈɛlɪɡənt/A
e-leg-ant

出 / 被精选出来的 → 雅致的。 / legere 选 / 形容词

15世纪晚期,源自拉丁语 elegantem(主格 elegans)「考究的、精致的」,与 eligere「挑选出」(e-+legere)相关,字面「精选的」。

形 优雅的;雅致的;简练精当的

▪ She wore an elegant black dress.
她身着一件优雅的黑色长裙。

▪ The solution was simple and elegant.
这个解决方案简洁而精妙。

▪ The hotel has an elegant lobby.
这家酒店有一个雅致的大堂。

▪ He gave an elegant summary of the theory.
他对这一理论作了精当简练的概括。

eligible/ˈɛlɪdʒəbəl/A
e-lig-ible

出 / 可被挑出来的 → 合格的。 / legere 选,弱化 / 可…的

15世纪中期,源自古法语 eligible 或晚期拉丁语 eligibilis「可被挑选的」,eligere「选出」(e-+legere)+-bilis。

形 符合条件的;合格的;(婚姻)理想的

▪ Only full-time students are eligible for the discount.
只有全日制学生才有资格享受折扣。

▪ She is eligible to vote this year.
她今年有投票权。

▪ The couple is looking for an eligible bachelor.
这对夫妇正在物色一位理想的未婚男士。

▪ You must be over 18 to be eligible.
你必须年满18岁才符合条件。

intellectual/ˌɪntəˈlɛktʃuəl/A
intellect-ual

理智 / 与理智/思维有关的 → 智力的;从事智力活动的人。 / 与…有关的

14世纪晚期,源自拉丁语 intellectualis「属于理解力的」,intellectus(见 intellect)的形容词。

形 智力的 名 脑力的 名 知识分子

▪ The puzzle gave her real intellectual pleasure.
这个谜题给了她真正的智力上的乐趣。

▪ He is an intellectual who writes for journals.
他是一位为期刊撰稿的知识分子。

▪ The game requires intellectual effort, not strength.
这个游戏需要脑力,而不是体力。

▪ She enjoys deep intellectual discussions.
她喜欢深入的思想探讨。

lecture/ˈlɛktʃər/A
lect-ure

legere 读,分词干 / 诵读 → 讲课、讲座。 / 名词,行为

14世纪晚期「诵读、(经文的)宣读」,源自古法语 lecture,来自晚期拉丁语 lectura「诵读」,拉丁语 lectus(legere「读」的过去分词)+-ura。

名 讲座 动 讲课 动 训斥 动 开讲座 动 训斥

▪ The professor gave a lecture on ancient Rome.
教授作了一场关于古罗马的讲座。

▪ She lectured the children about safety.
她训诫孩子们要注意安全。

▪ Attendance at the lecture is optional.
这场讲座可听可不听。

▪ He lectures at the university twice a week.
他每周在大学讲两次课。

legend/ˈlɛdʒənd/A
leg-enda

legere 读 / 应诵读的故事 → 圣徒传 → 传说。 / 应被…的,动形词

14世纪早期「圣徒生平故事」,源自中世纪拉丁语 legenda「应被诵读的(东西)」,是拉丁语 legere「读」的中性复数动形词,最初指修道院晨课中应诵读的圣徒事迹。

名 传说;传奇(人物);(地图)图例;说明

▪ The legend tells of a knight who slept in the hill.
传说讲述了一位沉睡在山中的骑士。

▪ He became a legend in his own time.
他在世时就成了传奇人物。

▪ The map legend explains the symbols.
地图图例说明了各个符号的含义。

▪ According to the legend, the spring never dries.
传说这眼泉水永不干涸。

neglect/nɪˈɡlɛkt/A
neg-lect

不、未 / 不加拣择理会 → 忽视。 / 挑选/留意,分词干

1520年代动词,源自拉丁语 neglectus,neglegere「不挑选、漠视」(neg-「不」+legere「挑选」)的过去分词;名词1590年代。

动 忽视 名 疏忽 名 荒废 名 忽略

▪ The landlord neglected the building for years.
房东多年来疏于修缮这栋楼。

▪ She neglected to mention the meeting.
她忘了提起那次会议。

▪ The garden fell into neglect.
花园渐渐荒芜了。

▪ He regretted his neglect of his family.
他后悔忽略了家人。

select/səˈlɛkt/S 核心
se-lect

分开、撇开 / 从一堆里挑出来 → 精选。 / 挑选,分词干

1560年代动词,源自拉丁语 selectus,seligere「挑出、精选」(se-「分开、撇开」+legere「挑选」)的过去分词;形容词1590年代。

动 选择 形 挑选 形 精选的 形 挑剔的

▪ Please select three options from the list.
请从清单中选择三项。

▪ The store sells only select wines.
这家店只出售精选葡萄酒。

▪ She was very select about her friends.
她对朋友十分挑剔。

▪ They selected him to lead the project.
他们挑选他来领导这个项目。

collection/kəˈlɛkʃən/A
col-lect-ion

一起 / 采到一起的行为/结果 → 收藏、一批。 / 采集 / 名词

14世纪晚期,源自古法语 collection,来自拉丁语 collectionem(主格 collectio)「聚集」,colligere 的动作名词。

名 收藏(品);收集;一批;募捐

▪ Her stamp collection fills three albums.
她的邮票收藏装了三本集邮册。

▪ The church held a collection for the poor.
教堂为穷人举行了募捐。

▪ The museum has a fine collection of modern art.
这家博物馆藏有一批精美的现代艺术品。

▪ This is a new collection of short stories.
这是一部新的短篇小说集。

collective/kəˈlɛktɪv/A
col-lect-ive

一起 / 聚拢成一体的 → 集体的。 / 收集 / 有…性质的

15世纪早期,源自法语 collectif 或拉丁语 collectivus「聚集的」,colligere 的形容词。

形 集体的 名 共同的 名 集体(企业)

▪ The decision was a collective effort of the team.
这个决定是团队集体努力的结果。

▪ They took collective responsibility for the error.
他们共同为这个错误承担责任。

▪ The workers formed a farming collective.
工人们成立了一个农业集体企业。

▪ Our collective goal is to finish on time.
我们共同的目标是按时完成。

diligent/ˈdɪlədʒənt/A
dis-lig-ent

分开 / 把所托之事挑出来珍视的 → 勤勉的。 / legere 选,复合弱化 / 正在…的

14世纪中期,源自古法语 diligent 及拉丁语 diligentem(主名 diligens)「专注的、勤勉的」,是 diligere「挑出、珍视、喜爱」(dis-「分开」+legere「挑选」)的现在分词形容词。

形 勤奋的;勤勉的;用功的

▪ She is a diligent student who never misses class.
她是个勤奋的学生,从不缺课。

▪ The diligent clerk checked every number twice.
这位勤勉的职员把每个数字都核对了两遍。

▪ He made diligent notes during the lecture.
他听讲座时认真做笔记。

▪ diligent preparation paid off in the exam.
用功的准备在考试中得到了回报。

election/ɪˈlɛkʃən/A
e-lect-ion

出 / 挑出(某人任职)→ 选举。 / 挑选 / 名词

约1300年,源自盎格鲁法语 eleccioun、古法语 elecion,来自拉丁语 electionem(主格 electio)「挑选、选择」,eligere(见 elect)的动作名词。

名 选举;当选;选择权

▪ The national election will be held next month.
全国大选将于下月举行。

▪ Her election to the board surprised everyone.
她当选董事让所有人感到意外。

▪ Voter turnout in the election was high.
这次选举的投票率很高。

▪ The election results were announced at midnight.
选举结果在午夜公布。

intelligence/ɪnˈtɛlədʒəns/A
inter-lig-ence

在…之间 / 在其间辨别的能力 → 智力;辨别所得 → 情报。 / 辨别 / 名词

14世纪晚期「心智最高能力、领悟普遍真理的能力」,源自古法语 intelligence 及拉丁语 intelligentia/intellegentia「理解、辨别力」,intelligere(见 intelligent)的现在分词名词化。

名 智力;理解力;情报;情报机构

▪ She showed great intelligence as a child.
她小时候就表现出很高的智力。

▪ The agency gathered intelligence on the borders.
该机构在边境收集情报。

▪ We need more intelligence before we act.
采取行动前我们需要更多情报。

▪ His intelligence impressed the interviewers.
他的才智给面试官留下了深刻印象。

intelligent/ɪnˈtɛlədʒənt/A
inter-lig-ent

之间 / 能在其间辨别的 → 聪明的。 / legere 辨别,弱化 / 正在…的

约1500年(或逆构自 intelligence),源自拉丁语 intelligentem(主格 intelligens)「有辨别力的」,intelligere「理解、领悟」(inter-「在…之间」+legere「挑选、读」)的现在分词。

形 聪明的;有智力的;智能的

▪ Dolphins are highly intelligent animals.
海豚是非常聪明的动物。

▪ She asked an intelligent question.
她问了一个很有见地的问题。

▪ The building uses an intelligent lighting system.
这座大楼采用智能照明系统。

▪ He is intelligent enough to solve it himself.
他够聪明,能自己解决。

legible/ˈlɛdʒəbəl/A
leg-ible

legere 读 / 可读的。 / 可…的

14世纪晚期,源自晚期拉丁语 legibilis「可读的」,拉丁语 legere「读」+-bilis(可…的)。

形 (字迹)清晰易读的

▪ Her handwriting is clear and legible.
她的字迹清晰易读。

▪ The sign faded until it was barely legible.
招牌褪了色,几乎看不清了。

▪ Please write your name in legible letters.
请用清楚的字体写下你的名字。

▪ The print is too small to be legible.
字太小,难以辨认。

legion/ˈliːdʒən/A
leg-ion

legere 征集 / 被征集起来的一群人 → 军团。 / 名词

13世纪,源自古法语 legion,来自拉丁语 legionem(主格 legio)「征集的军队、军团」,legere「采集、征集」的动作名词。

名 军团;大批;众多

▪ A legion of fans waited outside the stadium.
一大群球迷在体育场外等候。

▪ The Roman legion marched north.
罗马军团向北行进。

▪ Her admirers are legion.
她的仰慕者数不胜数。

▪ A legion of volunteers cleaned the park.
大批志愿者清理了公园。

negligent/ˈnɛɡlɪdʒənt/A
neg-lig-ent

不、未 / 不加拣择留心的 → 疏忽的。 / legere 挑选/留意,弱化 / …的

14世纪中期,源自古法语 negligent 及拉丁语 negligentem(主格 neglegens)「不留心的」,neglegere「不挑选、漠视」(neg-「不」+legere「挑选」)的现在分词。

形 疏忽的;玩忽的;漫不经心的

▪ The driver was negligent and ran the red light.
司机疏忽大意,闯了红灯。

▪ The nurse was accused of negligent care.
这名护士被指护理疏忽。

▪ He had been negligent in locking the door.
他一直漫不经心,忘了锁门。

▪ The company was negligent about safety rules.
公司对安全规章漫不经心。

sacrilege/ˈsækrəlɪdʒ/A
sacri-leg

sacer/sacrum 神圣的/圣物 / 取走圣物 → 盗窃圣物、亵渎。 / legere 取走

约1300年「盗窃献给上帝之物的罪行」,源自古法语 sacrilege,来自拉丁语 sacrilegium「庙劫、盗窃圣物」,由 sacrilegus「盗圣物者」而来,即 sacrum(圣物,sacer 神圣的)+legere「拿取、拾起」

名 亵渎(圣物);大不敬

▪ Stealing from the temple was seen as sacrilege.
从寺庙里偷窃被视为亵渎圣物。

▪ Cutting down the ancient tree felt like sacrilege.
砍掉那棵古树简直是大不敬。

▪ They treated the old traditions with sacrilege.
他们对古老传统极为不敬。

▪ For him, throwing away the book was sacrilege.
对他来说,扔掉那本书是大逆不道。

selection/səˈlɛkʃən/A
se-lect-ion

分开 / 挑出的行为/结果 → 选择。 / 挑选 / 名词

17世纪初,源自拉丁语 selectionem(主格 selectio)「挑选」,seligere 的动作名词。

名 选择;挑选;精选品;可供选择的范围

▪ The shop offers a wide selection of teas.
这家店有种类繁多的茶叶可供选择。

▪ Her selection of paintings was excellent.
她挑选的画作非常出色。

▪ The final selection of the team took two days.
球队的最终选拔花了两天。

▪ This wine is a selection from the local vineyard.
这款葡萄酒选自当地酒庄。

elegance/ˈɛlɪɡəns/B
leg/lig/lect

优雅;雅致;简练精美

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 优雅;雅致;简练精美

▪ The whole elegance took several hours to complete.
整个优雅过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper elegance is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的优雅至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of elegance with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了优雅的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the elegance.
经理就优雅写了一份清晰的报告。

elite/ɪˈliːt/A
leg/lig/lect

精英;杰出人物;精锐的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 精英;杰出人物;精锐的

▪ The elite is widely used in this kind of work.
精英在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the elite in a safe place after use.
用后请把精英放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the elite to the entrance of the building.
团队把精英搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable elite at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的精英。

elitist/ɪˈliːtɪst/B
leg/lig/lect

精英主义的;精英主义者;高人一等的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 精英主义的;精英主义者;高人一等的

▪ The new rule will be elitist for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是精英主义的。

▪ They considered the plan elitist after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是精英主义的。

▪ The manager gave a elitist answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个精英主义的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be elitist before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是精英主义的的。

illegible/ɪˈlɛdʒəbəl/B
leg/lig/lect

(字迹)难以辨认的;模糊的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 (字迹)难以辨认的;模糊的

▪ The new rule will be illegible for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是难以辨认的。

▪ They considered the plan illegible after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是难以辨认的。

▪ The manager gave a illegible answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个难以辨认的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be illegible before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是难以辨认的的。

inelegant/ɪnˈɛlɪɡənt/C
leg/lig/lect

不优雅的;粗俗的;(方法)笨拙的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 不优雅的;粗俗的;(方法)笨拙的

▪ The new rule will be inelegant for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是不优雅的。

▪ They considered the plan inelegant after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是不优雅的。

▪ The manager gave a inelegant answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个不优雅的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be inelegant before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是不优雅的的。

legendary/ˈlɛdʒənˌdɛri/A
leg/lig/lect

传奇的;大名鼎鼎的;传说中的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 传奇的;大名鼎鼎的;传说中的

▪ The new rule will be legendary for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是传奇的。

▪ They considered the plan legendary after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是传奇的。

▪ The manager gave a legendary answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个传奇的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be legendary before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是传奇的的。

legibility/ˌlɛdʒəˈbɪləti/B
leg/lig/lect

(字迹的)清晰;易读性

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 (字迹的)清晰;易读性

▪ The whole legibility took several hours to complete.
整个清晰过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper legibility is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的清晰至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of legibility with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了清晰的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the legibility.
经理就清晰写了一份清晰的报告。

legionary/ˈliːdʒəˌnɛri/B
leg/lig/lect

军团的;古罗马军团士兵

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 军团的;古罗马军团士兵

▪ The new rule will be legionary for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是军团的。

▪ They considered the plan legionary after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是军团的。

▪ The manager gave a legionary answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个军团的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be legionary before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是军团的的。

legionnaire/ˌliːdʒəˈnɛr/C
leg/lig/lect

军团成员;退伍军人协会会员;(法国)外籍军团士兵

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 军团成员;退伍军人协会会员;(法国)外籍军团士兵

▪ The legionnaire arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位军团成员比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained legionnaire knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的军团成员知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced legionnaire for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的军团成员。

▪ The legionnaire answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,军团成员回答了记者的提问。

legume/ˈlɛɡjuːm/B
leg/lig/lect

豆科植物;豆类;豆荚

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 豆科植物;豆类;豆荚

▪ The legume is widely used in this kind of work.
豆科植物在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the legume in a safe place after use.
用后请把豆科植物放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the legume to the entrance of the building.
团队把豆科植物搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable legume at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的豆科植物。

sacrilegious/ˌsækrəˈlɪdʒəs/B
leg/lig/lect

亵渎神圣的;大不敬的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 亵渎神圣的;大不敬的

▪ The new rule will be sacrilegious for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是亵渎神圣的。

▪ They considered the plan sacrilegious after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是亵渎神圣的。

▪ The manager gave a sacrilegious answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个亵渎神圣的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be sacrilegious before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是亵渎神圣的的。

counterintelligence/ˌkaʊntərɪnˈtɛlədʒəns/C
leg/lig/lect

反间谍活动;反情报(机构)

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 反间谍活动;反情报(机构)

▪ The whole counterintelligence took several hours to complete.
整个反间谍活动过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper counterintelligence is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的反间谍活动至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of counterintelligence with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了反间谍活动的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the counterintelligence.
经理就反间谍活动写了一份清晰的报告。

diligence/ˈdɪlədʒəns/B
leg/lig/lect

勤奋;勤勉;用功

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 勤奋;勤勉;用功

▪ The whole diligence took several hours to complete.
整个勤奋过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper diligence is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的勤奋至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of diligence with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了勤奋的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the diligence.
经理就勤奋写了一份清晰的报告。

eligibility/ˌɛlɪdʒəˈbɪləti/B
leg/lig/lect

资格;合格;符合条件

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 资格;合格;符合条件

▪ The whole eligibility took several hours to complete.
整个资格过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper eligibility is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的资格至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of eligibility with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了资格的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the eligibility.
经理就资格写了一份清晰的报告。

ineligible/ɪnˈɛlɪdʒəbəl/B
leg/lig/lect

不合格的;无资格的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 不合格的;无资格的

▪ The new rule will be ineligible for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是不合格的。

▪ They considered the plan ineligible after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是不合格的。

▪ The manager gave a ineligible answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个不合格的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be ineligible before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是不合格的的。

intelligentsia/ɪnˌtɛlɪˈdʒɛntsiə/C
leg/lig/lect

知识阶层;知识分子(总称)

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 知识阶层;知识分子(总称)

▪ The intelligentsia is widely used in this kind of work.
知识阶层在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the intelligentsia in a safe place after use.
用后请把知识阶层放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the intelligentsia to the entrance of the building.
团队把知识阶层搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable intelligentsia at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的知识阶层。

intelligible/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəbəl/B
leg/lig/lect

可理解的;明白易懂的;清晰的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 可理解的;明白易懂的;清晰的

▪ The new rule will be intelligible for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是可理解的。

▪ They considered the plan intelligible after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是可理解的。

▪ The manager gave a intelligible answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个可理解的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be intelligible before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是可理解的的。

negligee/ˌnɛɡlɪˈʒeɪ/C
leg/lig/lect

女式宽松睡衣;薄料晨衣

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 女式宽松睡衣;薄料晨衣

▪ The negligee is widely used in this kind of work.
女式宽松睡衣在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the negligee in a safe place after use.
用后请把女式宽松睡衣放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the negligee to the entrance of the building.
团队把女式宽松睡衣搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable negligee at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的女式宽松睡衣。

negligence/ˈnɛɡlɪdʒəns/B
leg/lig/lect

疏忽;玩忽职守;(法律)过失

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 疏忽;玩忽职守;(法律)过失

▪ The whole negligence took several hours to complete.
整个疏忽过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper negligence is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的疏忽至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of negligence with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了疏忽的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the negligence.
经理就疏忽写了一份清晰的报告。

negligible/ˈnɛɡlɪdʒəbəl/B
leg/lig/lect

可忽略的;微不足道的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 可忽略的;微不足道的

▪ The new rule will be negligible for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是可忽略的。

▪ They considered the plan negligible after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是可忽略的。

▪ The manager gave a negligible answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个可忽略的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be negligible before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是可忽略的的。

unintelligible/ˌʌnɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəbəl/C
leg/lig/lect

难以理解的;晦涩难懂的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 难以理解的;晦涩难懂的

▪ The new rule will be unintelligible for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是难以理解的。

▪ They considered the plan unintelligible after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是难以理解的。

▪ The manager gave a unintelligible answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个难以理解的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be unintelligible before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是难以理解的的。

collected/kəˈlɛktɪd/B
leg/lig/lect

镇定的;收集成的;合集的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 镇定的;收集成的;合集的

▪ The new rule will be collected for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是镇定的。

▪ They considered the plan collected after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是镇定的。

▪ The manager gave a collected answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个镇定的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be collected before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是镇定的的。

collectible/kəˈlɛktəbəl/C
leg/lig/lect

可收藏的;收藏品

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 可收藏的;收藏品

▪ The new rule will be collectible for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是可收藏的。

▪ They considered the plan collectible after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是可收藏的。

▪ The manager gave a collectible answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个可收藏的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be collectible before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是可收藏的的。

collectively/kəˈlɛktɪvli/C
leg/lig/lect

共同地;集体地;总括地

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

副 共同地;集体地;总括地

▪ The team collectively finished the task before the deadline.
团队在截止日前共同地完成了任务。

▪ She collectively checked the results and then signed the form.
她共同地核对了结果,然后签了表。

▪ The rules were collectively changed at the start of the year.
这些规则在年初被共同地修改了。

▪ He spoke collectively so that everyone could understand.
他共同地发言,好让每个人都听懂。

collector/kəˈlɛktər/A
leg/lig/lect

收藏家;收集者;收取者;集电极

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 收藏家;收集者;收取者;集电极

▪ The collector arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位收藏家比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained collector knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的收藏家知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced collector for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的收藏家。

▪ The collector answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,收藏家回答了记者的提问。

elective/ɪˈlɛktɪv/B
leg/lig/lect

选举产生的;选修的;选修课

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 选举产生的;选修的;选修课

▪ The new rule will be elective for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是选举产生的。

▪ They considered the plan elective after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是选举产生的。

▪ The manager gave a elective answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个选举产生的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be elective before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是选举产生的的。

elector/ɪˈlɛktər/B
leg/lig/lect

选举人;选民;(美国)选举人团成员

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 选举人;选民;(美国)选举人团成员

▪ The elector arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位选举人比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained elector knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的选举人知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced elector for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的选举人。

▪ The elector answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,选举人回答了记者的提问。

electoral/ɪˈlɛktərəl/A
leg/lig/lect

选举的;选举人的;选举制度的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 选举的;选举人的;选举制度的

▪ The new rule will be electoral for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是选举的。

▪ They considered the plan electoral after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是选举的。

▪ The manager gave a electoral answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个选举的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be electoral before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是选举的的。

electorate/ɪˈlɛktərət/B
leg/lig/lect

(全体)选民;选区;选举人团

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

动 (全体)选民;选区;选举人团

▪ The manager decided to electorate the problem before the meeting.
经理决定在会前选民这个问题。

▪ She will electorate the task after the new plan is ready.
新计划准备好后她会去选民这项任务。

▪ They need to electorate the materials before the class begins.
上课前他们需要选民这些材料。

▪ Nobody expected him to electorate the plan so quickly.
没人料到他这么快就选民了计划。

intellect/ˈɪntəlˌɛkt/B
leg/lig/lect

智力;理智;才智高的人

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 智力;理智;才智高的人

▪ The intellect is widely used in this kind of work.
智力在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the intellect in a safe place after use.
用后请把智力放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the intellect to the entrance of the building.
团队把智力搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable intellect at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的智力。

intellectually/ˌɪntəˈlɛktʃuəli/C
leg/lig/lect

智力上;理智上;知性上

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

副 智力上;理智上;知性上

▪ The team intellectually finished the task before the deadline.
团队在截止日前智力上完成了任务。

▪ She intellectually checked the results and then signed the form.
她智力上核对了结果,然后签了表。

▪ The rules were intellectually changed at the start of the year.
这些规则在年初被智力上修改了。

▪ He spoke intellectually so that everyone could understand.
他智力上发言,好让每个人都听懂。

lecturer/ˈlɛktʃərər/B
leg/lig/lect

讲师;演讲者;训诫者

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 讲师;演讲者;训诫者

▪ The lecturer arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位讲师比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained lecturer knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的讲师知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced lecturer for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的讲师。

▪ The lecturer answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,讲师回答了记者的提问。

neglectful/nɪˈɡlɛktfəl/C
leg/lig/lect

疏忽的;不留心的;疏于…的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 疏忽的;不留心的;疏于…的

▪ The new rule will be neglectful for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是疏忽的。

▪ They considered the plan neglectful after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是疏忽的。

▪ The manager gave a neglectful answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个疏忽的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be neglectful before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是疏忽的的。

predilection/ˌprɛdəlˈɛkʃən/B
leg/lig/lect

偏爱;偏好;嗜好

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 偏爱;偏好;嗜好

▪ The whole predilection took several hours to complete.
整个偏爱过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper predilection is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的偏爱至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of predilection with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了偏爱的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the predilection.
经理就偏爱写了一份清晰的报告。

recollect/ˌrɛkəˈlɛkt/B
leg/lig/lect

回忆起;想起;(re-collect)重新集合

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 回忆起;想起;(re-collect)重新集合

▪ The recollect is widely used in this kind of work.
回忆起在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the recollect in a safe place after use.
用后请把回忆起放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the recollect to the entrance of the building.
团队把回忆起搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable recollect at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的回忆起。

recollection/ˌrɛkəˈlɛkʃən/C
leg/lig/lect

回忆;记忆;往事

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 回忆;记忆;往事

▪ The whole recollection took several hours to complete.
整个回忆过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper recollection is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的回忆至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of recollection with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了回忆的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the recollection.
经理就回忆写了一份清晰的报告。

reelect/ˌriːɪˈlɛkt/C
leg/lig/lect

重选;使连任

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 重选;使连任

▪ The reelect is widely used in this kind of work.
重选在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the reelect in a safe place after use.
用后请把重选放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the reelect to the entrance of the building.
团队把重选搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable reelect at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的重选。

reelection/ˌriːɪˈlɛkʃən/C
leg/lig/lect

重选;连任

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 重选;连任

▪ The whole reelection took several hours to complete.
整个重选过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper reelection is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的重选至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of reelection with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了重选的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the reelection.
经理就重选写了一份清晰的报告。

selective/səˈlɛktɪv/A
leg/lig/lect

选择性的;挑拣的;有选择性的

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

形 选择性的;挑拣的;有选择性的

▪ The new rule will be selective for everyone in the group.
新规则对组里每个人都将是选择性的。

▪ They considered the plan selective after a long discussion.
经过长时间讨论,他们认为该计划是选择性的。

▪ The manager gave a selective answer at the meeting.
经理在会上给出了一个选择性的的答复。

▪ Every solution must be selective before it is approved.
每个方案在获批前都必须是选择性的的。

selectivity/səˌlɛkˈtɪvəti/C
leg/lig/lect

选择性;挑剔;(学校)择优程度

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 选择性;挑剔;(学校)择优程度

▪ The whole selectivity took several hours to complete.
整个选择性过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper selectivity is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的选择性至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of selectivity with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了选择性的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the selectivity.
经理就选择性写了一份清晰的报告。

selector/səˈlɛktər/B
leg/lig/lect

挑选者;选拔者;选择器

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 挑选者;选拔者;选择器

▪ The selector arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位挑选者比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained selector knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的挑选者知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced selector for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的挑选者。

▪ The selector answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,挑选者回答了记者的提问。

alloy/ˈælɔɪ; əˈlɔɪ/B
al
loy

合金v.使变成合金

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:al + loy

名 合金v.使变成合金

▪ The alloy is widely used in this kind of work.
合金v.使变成合金在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the alloy in a safe place after use.
用后请把合金v.使变成合金放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the alloy to the entrance of the building.
团队把合金v.使变成合金搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable alloy at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的合金v.使变成合金。

eclogueˈeklɒɡB
leg/lig/lect

牧歌;田园诗

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 牧歌;田园诗

▪ The eclogue is widely used in this kind of work.
牧歌在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the eclogue in a safe place after use.
用后请把牧歌放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the eclogue to the entrance of the building.
团队把牧歌搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable eclogue at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的牧歌。

elitismeɪˈliːtɪzəm; ɪˈliːtɪzəmB
elit
ism

精英主义,精英统治论;以精英自居的优越感

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:elit + ism

名 精英主义,精英统治论;以精英自居的优越感

▪ The elitism is widely used in this kind of work.
精英主义在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the elitism in a safe place after use.
用后请把精英主义放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the elitism to the entrance of the building.
团队把精英主义搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable elitism at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的精英主义。

fetologyfiːˈtɒlədʒiB
fet
o
log
y

胎儿学

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:fet + o + log + y

名 胎儿学

▪ The fetology is widely used in this kind of work.
胎儿学在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the fetology in a safe place after use.
用后请把胎儿学放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the fetology to the entrance of the building.
团队把胎儿学搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable fetology at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的胎儿学。

glaciologyˌɡlæsɪˈɒlədʒiB
glaci
o
log
y

冰河学;冰川学

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:glaci + o + log + y

名 冰河学;冰川学

▪ The glaciology is widely used in this kind of work.
冰河学在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the glaciology in a safe place after use.
用后请把冰河学放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the glaciology to the entrance of the building.
团队把冰河学搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable glaciology at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的冰河学。

lectern/ˈlektən/B
leg/lig/lect

(演讲时放稿件的)讲台;(教堂的)诵经台

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 (演讲时放稿件的)讲台;(教堂的)诵经台

▪ The lectern is widely used in this kind of work.
讲台在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the lectern in a safe place after use.
用后请把讲台放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the lectern to the entrance of the building.
团队把讲台搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable lectern at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的讲台。

lector/ˈlektɔː(r)/B
leg/lig/lect

诵经人;(在外国教授其母语的)大学教师

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 诵经人;(在外国教授其母语的)大学教师

▪ The lector arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位诵经人比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained lector knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的诵经人知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced lector for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的诵经人。

▪ The lector answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,诵经人回答了记者的提问。

legitimacy/lɪˈdʒɪtəməsi/B
leg/lig/lect

合法;合理;正统

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 合法;合理;正统

▪ The legitimacy is widely used in this kind of work.
合法在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the legitimacy in a safe place after use.
用后请把合法放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the legitimacy to the entrance of the building.
团队把合法搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable legitimacy at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的合法。

lesson/ˈlesn/S 核心
leg/lig/lect

教训;课

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 教训;课

▪ The lesson is widely used in this kind of work.
教训在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the lesson in a safe place after use.
用后请把教训放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the lesson to the entrance of the building.
团队把教训搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable lesson at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的教训。

lexicographer/ˌleksɪˈkɒɡrəfə(r)/B
leg/lig/lect

词典编纂者

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 词典编纂者

▪ The lexicographer arrived at the office earlier than usual.
那位词典编纂者比平时更早到了办公室。

▪ A trained lexicographer knows how to handle this kind of problem.
训练有素的词典编纂者知道如何处理这类问题。

▪ They hired an experienced lexicographer for the new project.
他们为新项目雇了一位有经验的词典编纂者。

▪ The lexicographer answered the reporters’ questions after the event.
活动结束后,词典编纂者回答了记者的提问。

lexicography/ˌleksɪˈkɒɡrəfi/B
leg/lig/lect

词典编纂,词典编纂学

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 词典编纂,词典编纂学

▪ The lexicography is widely used in this kind of work.
词典编纂在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the lexicography in a safe place after use.
用后请把词典编纂放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the lexicography to the entrance of the building.
团队把词典编纂搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable lexicography at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的词典编纂。

lexicology/ˌleksɪˈkɒlədʒi/B
leg/lig/lect

词汇学;词典学

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:leg/lig/lect

名 词汇学;词典学

▪ The lexicology is widely used in this kind of work.
词汇学在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the lexicology in a safe place after use.
用后请把词汇学放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the lexicology to the entrance of the building.
团队把词汇学搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable lexicology at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的词汇学。

illegality/ˌɪliˈɡæləti/B
in- not
-itas state

不合法;违法

拉丁词根 leg/lex 派生:in- not + -itas state

名 不合法;违法

▪ The whole illegality took several hours to complete.
整个不合法过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper illegality is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的不合法至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of illegality with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了不合法的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the illegality.
经理就不合法写了一份清晰的报告。

legality/lɪˈɡæləti/B
-itas state

合法(性)

拉丁词根 leg/lex 派生:-itas state

名 合法(性)

▪ The whole legality took several hours to complete.
整个合法过程花了好几个小时才完成。

▪ Proper legality is essential if the results are to be reliable.
若要结果可靠,恰当的合法至关重要。

▪ The team studied the process of legality with great care.
团队非常仔细地研究了合法的过程。

▪ The manager wrote a clear report on the legality.
经理就合法写了一份清晰的报告。

college/ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/A
com- together

学院;大学;学会

拉丁词根 leg/lig/lect 派生:com- together

名 学院;大学;学会

衍

collegiate(adj)=学院的;大学生的

▪ They met near the college after the work was finished.
工作结束后,他们在学院附近碰面。

▪ The new college opened to the public last month.
新的学院上个月向公众开放。

▪ Many visitors gather at the college during the summer.
夏天有许多游客聚集在学院。

▪ The college is located just outside the center of the city.
学院就坐落在市中心外侧。

loyalty/ˈlɔɪəlti/A
legalis lawful

忠诚;忠心

拉丁词根 leg/lex 派生:legalis lawful

名 忠诚;忠心

衍

loyal(adj)=忠诚的

▪ The loyalty is widely used in this kind of work.
忠诚在这类工作中被广泛使用。

▪ Please keep the loyalty in a safe place after use.
用后请把忠诚放在安全的地方。

▪ The team moved the loyalty to the entrance of the building.
团队把忠诚搬到了大楼入口。

▪ You can find a reliable loyalty at the shop near the station.
车站附近的店里能找到可靠的忠诚。

考辨与注意 NOTES & CAUTIONS

「采集 → 读」是跨语言常见引申

legere「挑选字句」→「读」;同类汉语「念书」「阅(清点)」。希腊同根 legein「说」→ logos「话语、理性」。

lect-/leg-/lig- 三拼同根

collect/elect 用分词 lect-;legend/legible 用现在 leg-;eligible/diligent 用弱化 lig-。勿把 diligent 误认作 dig- 根。

词源树 ETYMOLOGY TREE

PIE *leg-(to gather, choose, read)  ← 希腊 legein「说」
│
├─ 拉丁 legō · legere · lēgī · lēctus(第三变位)
│  ├─ 分词词干 lect-:collect · elect · select · neglect · lecture · legion
│  ├─ 现在词干 leg-:legend · legible · elegant
│  ├─ 弱化复合词干 lig-:eligible · diligent · negligent · intelligent
│  └→ sacer + leg-:sacrilege
│
├─ 希腊 legein(λέγειν,说)→ logos:logic · biology(见 L049 log/logue)
│
└─ 日耳曼:本族「读」作 read,未继承 leg-

EVIDENCE & METHOD 证据与方法

判定 leg/lect 同根,靠三词干+弱化词干的跨词闭环。

形态证据

三词干

leg-/lēg-/lēct- 由 legere 给出;lect- 与 leg-/lig- 分承借词。

音变证据

g→/dʒ/ / leg-→lig-

legible/legend 软化;复合词 eligible/diligent 弱化。

共时词族

20 词闭环

本页 20 词由三词干生成。

三重证据法:intelligent(inter-+legere「在其间挑选」)与 collect(col-+legere「聚到一起」)共享现在词干 leg-;elect/select 共享分词 lect-,构成同根闭环。

外围同源 EXTENDED COGNATES

G · 希腊 legein(说)

λέγειν

与拉丁 legere 同根 *leg-;logos「话语」→ logic

L · 拉丁语 legio

legionis

「招募集结的军队」→ legion

一屏速记 · 77 词

collect/kəˈlɛkt/

动 收集;形 采集;副 收取;副 由收件人付款的

构col- / lect

例She likes to collect old stamps

elect/ɪˈlɛkt/

动 选举;形 推选;形 选定的;形 候任的

构e- / lect

例The members elected a new chairperson

elegant/ˈɛlɪɡənt/

形 优雅的;雅致的;简练精当的

构e- / leg / -ant

例She wore an elegant black dress

eligible/ˈɛlɪdʒəbəl/

形 符合条件的;合格的;(婚姻)理想的

构e- / lig / -ible

例Only full-time students are eligible for the

intellectual/ˌɪntəˈlɛktʃuəl/

形 智力的;名 脑力的;名 知识分子

构intellect / -ual

例The puzzle gave her real intellectual pleasure

lecture/ˈlɛktʃər/

名 讲座;动 讲课;动 训斥;动 开讲座;动 训斥

构lect / -ure

例The professor gave a lecture on ancient Rome

legend/ˈlɛdʒənd/

名 传说;传奇(人物);(地图)图例;说明

构leg / -enda

例The legend tells of a knight who slept in the

neglect/nɪˈɡlɛkt/

动 忽视;名 疏忽;名 荒废;名 忽略

构neg- / lect

例The landlord neglected the building for years

select/səˈlɛkt/

动 选择;形 挑选;形 精选的;形 挑剔的

构se- / lect

例Please select three options from the list

collection/kəˈlɛkʃən/

名 收藏(品);收集;一批;募捐

构col- / lect / -ion

例Her stamp collection fills three albums

collective/kəˈlɛktɪv/

形 集体的;名 共同的;名 集体(企业)

构col- / lect / -ive

例The decision was a collective effort of the

diligent/ˈdɪlədʒənt/

形 勤奋的;勤勉的;用功的

构dis- / lig / -ent

例She is a diligent student who never misses

election/ɪˈlɛkʃən/

名 选举;当选;选择权

构e- / lect / -ion

例The national election will be held next month

intelligence/ɪnˈtɛlədʒəns/

名 智力;理解力;情报;情报机构

构inter- / lig / -ence

例She showed great intelligence as a child

intelligent/ɪnˈtɛlədʒənt/

形 聪明的;有智力的;智能的

构inter- / lig / -ent

例Dolphins are highly intelligent animals

legible/ˈlɛdʒəbəl/

形 (字迹)清晰易读的

构leg / -ible

例Her handwriting is clear and legible

legion/ˈliːdʒən/

名 军团;大批;众多

构leg / -ion

例A legion of fans waited outside the stadium

negligent/ˈnɛɡlɪdʒənt/

形 疏忽的;玩忽的;漫不经心的

构neg- / lig / -ent

例The driver was negligent and ran the red light

sacrilege/ˈsækrəlɪdʒ/

名 亵渎(圣物);大不敬

构sacri- / leg

例Stealing from the temple was seen as sacrilege

selection/səˈlɛkʃən/

名 选择;挑选;精选品;可供选择的范围

构se- / lect / -ion

例The shop offers a wide selection of teas

elegance/ˈɛlɪɡəns/

名 优雅;雅致;简练精美

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The whole elegance took several hours to complete.

elite/ɪˈliːt/

名 精英;杰出人物;精锐的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The elite is widely used in this kind of work.

elitist/ɪˈliːtɪst/

形 精英主义的;精英主义者;高人一等的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be elitist for everyone in the group.

illegible/ɪˈlɛdʒəbəl/

形 (字迹)难以辨认的;模糊的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be illegible for everyone in the group.

inelegant/ɪnˈɛlɪɡənt/

形 不优雅的;粗俗的;(方法)笨拙的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be inelegant for everyone in the group.

legendary/ˈlɛdʒənˌdɛri/

形 传奇的;大名鼎鼎的;传说中的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be legendary for everyone in the group.

legibility/ˌlɛdʒəˈbɪləti/

名 (字迹的)清晰;易读性

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The whole legibility took several hours to complete.

legionary/ˈliːdʒəˌnɛri/

形 军团的;古罗马军团士兵

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be legionary for everyone in the group.

legionnaire/ˌliːdʒəˈnɛr/

名 军团成员;退伍军人协会会员;(法国)外籍军团士兵

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The legionnaire arrived at the office earlier than usual.

legume/ˈlɛɡjuːm/

名 豆科植物;豆类;豆荚

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The legume is widely used in this kind of work.

sacrilegious/ˌsækrəˈlɪdʒəs/

形 亵渎神圣的;大不敬的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be sacrilegious for everyone in the group.

counterintelligence/ˌkaʊntərɪnˈtɛlədʒəns/

名 反间谍活动;反情报(机构)

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The whole counterintelligence took several hours to complete.

diligence/ˈdɪlədʒəns/

名 勤奋;勤勉;用功

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The whole diligence took several hours to complete.

eligibility/ˌɛlɪdʒəˈbɪləti/

名 资格;合格;符合条件

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The whole eligibility took several hours to complete.

ineligible/ɪnˈɛlɪdʒəbəl/

形 不合格的;无资格的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be ineligible for everyone in the group.

intelligentsia/ɪnˌtɛlɪˈdʒɛntsiə/

名 知识阶层;知识分子(总称)

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The intelligentsia is widely used in this kind of work.

intelligible/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəbəl/

形 可理解的;明白易懂的;清晰的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be intelligible for everyone in the group.

negligee/ˌnɛɡlɪˈʒeɪ/

名 女式宽松睡衣;薄料晨衣

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The negligee is widely used in this kind of work.

negligence/ˈnɛɡlɪdʒəns/

名 疏忽;玩忽职守;(法律)过失

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The whole negligence took several hours to complete.

negligible/ˈnɛɡlɪdʒəbəl/

形 可忽略的;微不足道的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be negligible for everyone in the group.

unintelligible/ˌʌnɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəbəl/

形 难以理解的;晦涩难懂的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be unintelligible for everyone in the group.

collected/kəˈlɛktɪd/

形 镇定的;收集成的;合集的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be collected for everyone in the group.

collectible/kəˈlɛktəbəl/

形 可收藏的;收藏品

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be collectible for everyone in the group.

collectively/kəˈlɛktɪvli/

副 共同地;集体地;总括地

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The team collectively finished the task before the deadline.

collector/kəˈlɛktər/

名 收藏家;收集者;收取者;集电极

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The collector arrived at the office earlier than usual.

elective/ɪˈlɛktɪv/

形 选举产生的;选修的;选修课

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be elective for everyone in the group.

elector/ɪˈlɛktər/

名 选举人;选民;(美国)选举人团成员

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The elector arrived at the office earlier than usual.

electoral/ɪˈlɛktərəl/

形 选举的;选举人的;选举制度的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be electoral for everyone in the group.

electorate/ɪˈlɛktərət/

动 (全体)选民;选区;选举人团

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The manager decided to electorate the problem before the meeting.

intellect/ˈɪntəlˌɛkt/

名 智力;理智;才智高的人

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The intellect is widely used in this kind of work.

intellectually/ˌɪntəˈlɛktʃuəli/

副 智力上;理智上;知性上

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The team intellectually finished the task before the deadline.

lecturer/ˈlɛktʃərər/

名 讲师;演讲者;训诫者

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The lecturer arrived at the office earlier than usual.

neglectful/nɪˈɡlɛktfəl/

形 疏忽的;不留心的;疏于…的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be neglectful for everyone in the group.

predilection/ˌprɛdəlˈɛkʃən/

名 偏爱;偏好;嗜好

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The whole predilection took several hours to complete.

recollect/ˌrɛkəˈlɛkt/

名 回忆起;想起;(re-collect)重新集合

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The recollect is widely used in this kind of work.

recollection/ˌrɛkəˈlɛkʃən/

名 回忆;记忆;往事

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The whole recollection took several hours to complete.

reelect/ˌriːɪˈlɛkt/

名 重选;使连任

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The reelect is widely used in this kind of work.

reelection/ˌriːɪˈlɛkʃən/

名 重选;连任

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The whole reelection took several hours to complete.

selective/səˈlɛktɪv/

形 选择性的;挑拣的;有选择性的

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The new rule will be selective for everyone in the group.

selectivity/səˌlɛkˈtɪvəti/

名 选择性;挑剔;(学校)择优程度

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The whole selectivity took several hours to complete.

selector/səˈlɛktər/

名 挑选者;选拔者;选择器

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The selector arrived at the office earlier than usual.

alloy/ˈælɔɪ; əˈlɔɪ/

名 合金v.使变成合金

源al + loy

构al + loy

例The alloy is widely used in this kind of work.

eclogueˈeklɒɡ

名 牧歌;田园诗

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The eclogue is widely used in this kind of work.

elitismeɪˈliːtɪzəm; ɪˈliːtɪzəm

名 精英主义,精英统治论;以精英自居的优越感

源elit + ism

构elit + ism

例The elitism is widely used in this kind of work.

fetologyfiːˈtɒlədʒi

名 胎儿学

源fet + o + log + y

构fet + o + log + y

例The fetology is widely used in this kind of work.

glaciologyˌɡlæsɪˈɒlədʒi

名 冰河学;冰川学

源glaci + o + log + y

构glaci + o + log + y

例The glaciology is widely used in this kind of work.

lectern/ˈlektən/

名 (演讲时放稿件的)讲台;(教堂的)诵经台

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The lectern is widely used in this kind of work.

lector/ˈlektɔː(r)/

名 诵经人;(在外国教授其母语的)大学教师

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The lector arrived at the office earlier than usual.

legitimacy/lɪˈdʒɪtəməsi/

名 合法;合理;正统

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The legitimacy is widely used in this kind of work.

lesson/ˈlesn/

名 教训;课

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The lesson is widely used in this kind of work.

lexicographer/ˌleksɪˈkɒɡrəfə(r)/

名 词典编纂者

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The lexicographer arrived at the office earlier than usual.

lexicography/ˌleksɪˈkɒɡrəfi/

名 词典编纂,词典编纂学

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The lexicography is widely used in this kind of work.

lexicology/ˌleksɪˈkɒlədʒi/

名 词汇学;词典学

源leg/lig/lect

构leg/lig/lect

例The lexicology is widely used in this kind of work.

illegality/ˌɪliˈɡæləti/

名 不合法;违法

源in- not + -itas state

构in- not + -itas state

例The whole illegality took several hours to complete.

legality/lɪˈɡæləti/

名 合法(性)

源-itas state

构-itas state

例The whole legality took several hours to complete.

college/ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

名 学院;大学;学会

源com- together

构com- together

例They met near the college after the work was finished.

loyalty/ˈlɔɪəlti/

名 忠诚;忠心

源legalis lawful

构legalis lawful

例The loyalty is widely used in this kind of work.

跨语族导航 NAVIGATION

leg/lect 在跨语族的同根字根。

本页 · L046 leg/lig/lect
G 篇待补 · legein(说)
N 篇待补 · 日耳曼未继承